PRIMARY ASSESSMENT: Detect immediate threats to life Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Severe Bleeding, Shock © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Primary Assessment Components General Impression Mental Status Airway Breathing Circulation Bleeding Shock © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
General Impression Scene including safety of you and others Mechanism of injury Seriousness of the injury Condition of the athlete Number involved Need for higher level of care Visible injuries © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
AVPU Mental Status Level of response from the athlete Alert Verbal Painful Unresponsive Focus the athlete on you Questions Fear AVPU © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Airway & Breathing Unresponsive – open airway – 5 to 10 seconds Head tilt – chin lift vs jaw thrust Breathing clues Chest rise Mouth vapor Rescue breathing vs chest compressions Pulse, not breathing on own No pulse © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Circulation Pulse check Chest compressions AED Advance care Carotid or radial Brachial (infant) Chest compressions AED Advance care © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Severe Bleeding Life threatening Spurting blood is arterial bleeding Direct pressure Tourniquet Leads to shock © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Hypoperfusion Inadequate amount of blood delivered to vital organs with loss of fluids leading to a drop in blood pressure with shunting of blood from extremities to organs Signs and Symptoms pale, cool grey skin nausea/ vomiting decreased blood pressure decreased heart rate thirst loss of consciousness © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Treatment for Shock Keep temperate No oral fluids Elevate legs Supplemental oxygen Treat other injuries Bleeding Fractures Monitor vital signs Advanced care © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC
Primary Assessment Wrap Up Monitor 15 minutes if stable / 5 minutes if unstable May not get to Secondary Assessment Assist EMS with packaging and transport Move onto Secondary assessment if stable © 2018 Cogent Steps, LLC