Classification of Stages and Levels of Jasmonates in Developing Carpels of Wild Type (WT) and jai1-1. Classification of Stages and Levels of Jasmonates in Developing Carpels of Wild Type (WT) and jai1-1. (A) Developmental stages of opened stamen cones and dissected carpels of wild type and jai1-1 showing the six developmental stages as defined by Dobritzsch et al. (2015). In the picture down left, bar = 5 mm for all photographs. (B) JA and JA-Ile levels in developing carpels. Carpels of the respective stage were extracted, and contents of JA and JA-Ile were determined. Mean values ±sd are shown (n ≥ 3 independent pools of carpels). Data of the same developmental stage were compared between wild type and jai1-1 by Student’s t test (* P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001). (C) and (D) Immunocytochemical detection of JA/JA-Ile in ovaries (C) and ovules (D) of wild type and jai1-1. Carpels of wild type flowers at stages 1, 3, and 6 and of jai1-1 at stage 3 were harvested, fixed with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), and processed for immunolabeling as described by Mielke et al. (2011). The occurrence of JA is indicated by the green fluorescence. Note the strongest label in wild-type carpels at stage 3, whereas fluorescence signal is faint in carpels and ovules of jai1-1. Bars = 50 µm for all micrographs. Abbreviations: ov, ovule; pl, placenta; ow, ovary wall. Ramona Schubert et al. Plant Cell 2019;31:1043-1062 ©2019 by American Society of Plant Biologists