Cradle to Cradle Are we starting from right place? We need to stop wasting food in first place In reality ‘unavoidable’ food waste is about 1.5Kg per household per week That’s around 2 million tonnes per annum

Climate Chaos Climate Emergency Food Waste, major contributor to emissions WRAP working across supply chain to reduce waste

Target Set a food waste reduction target for your own UK operations … relative to production Measure Measure in a consistent way, and share what you’ve learnt Act Take action to reduce your own food waste, work in partnership with suppliers and help consumers reduce their food waste

Basic Principles Convert organic wastes into quality organic matter No Plastic Reduce food waste miles Capture gas if possible WRAP estimate household food waste at 7million tonnes Reality is some 3 million and should go down to 2 million Household green waste around 6 million tonnes

Treating Organic Wastes No one solution. But C to C principles key Wet AD is great for pure food wastes But 6 month closed season for digestate Dry AD manages both green and food Potentially gasification/pyrolysis Key is to quality organics back to land as well as gas generation Need to get energy balance right, hence cradle to cradle

Why use plastic to wrap organic waste Crap in is crap out! No point in AD or composting if we don’t get inputs right Use certified compostable liners or preferably go naked! Quality outputs are essential

What is biodegradable packaging? It is important to note that only compostable packaging materials adhering to the EN13432 standard can be considered ”biodegradable” as biodegradable in the context of the Waste Framework Directive 2008/92, the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive 96/82 and the Essential Requirements and additionally the Directive on Single Use Plastics (article 3, 16). Packaging materials adhering to the EN13432 standard demonstrate conformity with the Essential Requirements and end of waste criteria when organically recovered through composting and Anaerobic Digestion into compost or digestate produced to the national standards recognised within the Fertiliser Regulation and where relevant the Quality Protocols are respected. Organic recovery is, according to the cited Regulations, recycling.

Quality Compost

Quality Digestate

Digestate Spreading

How do we collect organic waste We need to be smarter at collecting in energy terms Diesel is typically 35MJ/L 0.32L/Km 11MJ/Km In Energy terms food only waste collections at 2 tonne payloads so 5.5MJ/t/km Comingled green & food collections 12 tonne payloads 0.92MJ/t/km

Capturing household organic waste Make it easy, provide free liners Bin space, weekly or fortnightly Education Key is getting kitchen waste to right bin with no contamination Gardens versus flats

Commercial Food Wastes How best to collect? No plastic Packaged Food maybe? Combining high density housing collections? Frequent collections

Hospitality and foodservice waste Increasingly containing compostable products Increased feedstock for processors Needs better management to optimise potential

What if we managed commercial waste like power? Businesses buy services from any provider One provider is responsible for all collections Carbon efficient routes Less congestion

Rethinking commercial collections Current situation Businesses can choose any collector Multiple trucks collecting per street Carbon efficient?

Summary Get plastic out of domestic organic waste stream Commercial packaged food, prove all plastic is removed Improve energy efficiency of collections Especially commercial collections Compost to land builds carbon Liquid fertiliser reduces chemical fertiliser

Charlie Trousdell Associates charlie@ctrousdell.co.uk 07768 647110 Thank You Charlie Trousdell Associates charlie@ctrousdell.co.uk 07768 647110