Fig. 1 Influence of SSTA on the atmosphere and its relationship with U

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Presentation transcript:

Fig. 1 Influence of SSTA on the atmosphere and its relationship with U Fig. 1 Influence of SSTA on the atmosphere and its relationship with U.S. tornado activity in April and May. Influence of SSTA on the atmosphere and its relationship with U.S. tornado activity in April and May. (A to D) The SVD analysis is conducted on the basis of AMIP-simulated and NCEP1 reanalysis (OBS) year-to-year variabilities of the 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies (Z500′) over the northern hemisphere (20°N to 70°N and 0°E to 360°E) for April (A and C) and May (B and D), respectively (see Materials and Methods). (E and F) Regressed patterns of Z500′ and SSTAs on tornado numbers aggregated over the SGP region (30°N to 40°N and 100°W to 90°W; red box) for April (left) and May (right). Solid (dashed) lines indicate positive (negative) values. The intervals are 0.08 K for SSTA and 4 m for Z500′. The stippled (cross-hatched) areas indicate values for which the local null hypothesis of zero regression can be rejected at the 95% level for Z500′ (SSTA), based on a Student’s t test with 27 and 61 degrees of freedom for AMIP and observations, respectively. Long-term linear trends were removed before statistical analysis. J.-E. Chu et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaaw9950 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).