A, At the 4–5-mm embryonic stage bilateral longitudinal neural arteries (arrows)—one set of longitudinal neural arteries, dorsal aorta, and cervical intersegmental.

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Cerebrovascular Embryology October 6, 2000

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Development of the Aorta

Development of the Aorta

Mark T. Benson, MB, ChB, John D. Hamer, ChM

A, Left common carotid angiography (lateral view).

LV as the 2nd branch off the LS between the TA (thyroid artery) and the CA. RV indicates the right vertebral artery; RS, right subclavian artery; IA, innominate.

Right carotid angiogram (A) demonstrates a small carotid cave aneurysm in a patient who had an anterior communicating artery aneurysm previously treated.

A and B, Sagittal (A) and axial (B) fast spin-echo images of the cervical spine before treatment demonstrate diffuse increase in signal intensity (arrows)

Axial CT scans of the brain and neck performed with contrast medium.

Two angiographically occult additional microaneurysms adjacent to a ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm in a 53-year-old woman. Two.

PC-MR imaging magnitude (left) and phase (right) images showing the neck level for a healthy patient. PC-MR imaging magnitude (left) and phase (right)

Transforaminal transcranial color-coded duplex sonograms before (left) and after (right) application of an echo-enhancing agent. Transforaminal transcranial.

A, Left internal carotid artery (ICA) angiogram showing a left middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysm and an additional distal MCA aneurysm.B.

A, Lateral angiogram obtained before treatment shows a right ruptured dissecting ICA aneurysm.B, 4 × 9 mm Jomed covered stent placed across the aneurysm.

A 43-year-old woman with Factor V Leiden mutation developed a spontaneous left-sided dural type (indirect) carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) with proptosis,

Patient 2: CNS vasculitis in a 37-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. Patient 2: CNS vasculitis in a 37-year-old woman with systemic lupus.

The aortic arch branching pattern found in cattle has a single brachiocephalic trunk originating from the aortic arch and eventually splits into the bilateral.

Right ECA angiogram in the lateral view shows the petrous branch of the MMA (black arrows) and the stylomastoid branch (white arrows) arising from the.

Wesley P. Thayer, MD, PhD, John R. Gaughen, MD, Nancy L. Harthun, MD

Congenital obstructive lesions of the right aortic arch

Normal schematic diagram of the aortic arch and the great vessels demonstrates the embryologic origins of the arch and its major branches. Normal schematic.

A, Persistent proatlantal artery type I (PPA 1) arises from the caudal part of the internal carotid artery and courses along the anterior aspect of the.

Scout suture evaluation.

Composite diagram of M1-M2 trunk anatomy based on IMS III post hoc analysis. Composite diagram of M1-M2 trunk anatomy based on IMS III post hoc analysis.

A, Axial CT of a patient with bilateral DON and lack of fat prolapse through the superior ophthalmic fissure. A, Axial CT of a patient with bilateral DON.

Schematic representation of the developmental stages of the stapedial artery. Schematic representation of the developmental stages of the stapedial artery.

A, Simplified diagram shows the ventral aorta (VA) and dorsal aorta (DA), with four pairs of branchial arches (I, II, III, and IV) in a 2- to 4-mm embryo.

Coronal fluid-sensitive MR images through the bilateral Meckel caves of all patients with asymmetric Meckel cave enlargement. Coronal fluid-sensitive MR.

A, Axial unenhanced CT shows diffuse symmetric subarachnoid hemorrhage

Case 2.A, Right internal carotid artery (ICA) angiogram, oblique view, showing a 4-mm aneurysm at the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation.B,

A, Oblique angiogram of the left carotid artery reveals two posttraumatic aneurysms. A, Oblique angiogram of the left carotid artery reveals two posttraumatic.

Pial vasodilation. Pial vasodilation. A, Axial GRE T2 image shows a left frontal sulcal SAH (black arrowhead), possibly located in the “watershed” territory.

Single-frame images from left common carotid rotational angiography before (A) and after (B) endovascular treatment demonstrate correction of the arterial.

Left transverse sigmoid DAVFs (type IIa) with 3 shunted venous pouches

Angiograms from the case of an 80-year-old male patient with bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis. Angiograms from the case of an 80-year-old male.

Four more examples of missed additional aneurysms on DSA

28-year-old man with an aneurysmal SAH

Basilar artery diameter measured with CTA in the delayed stage of SAH

Patient 4: 71 year-old woman with primary angiitis of the CNS

Two-staged stent implantation for multiple supra-aortic lesions

Axial reconstructed images of rotational angiogram of the left external carotid artery show the fistulous pouch (white arrows) draining through the posterior.

Photographs of specimens of a cadaveric aorta

Left ICA angiogram in anteroposterior (A) and lateral (B) views demonstrates the anastomosis between the mandibular artery arising from the petrous ICA.

Serial axial MIP images demonstrating the anomalous origin of both the vertebral arteries from the aortic arch beyond the left subclavian artery, along.

Flow through an 8F long sheath (Shuttle Select), an 8F balloon-catheter (FlowGate2 Balloon Guide Catheter), an ACE 64 distal aspiration catheter, and an.

A case with near-occlusion with full collapse.

Large hemorrhagic conversion following reperfusion in a patient with distal left internal carotid occlusion with poor pial collateral formation. Large.

Examples and prevalence of circle of Willis anomalies that hamper collateral function. Examples and prevalence of circle of Willis anomalies that hamper.

Linear regression analysis to test for correlation of the OsR and NR with FD parameters, MCR (%) (A and C) and pore density (1/mm2) (B and D). Linear regression.

Multiple PCA associated with Moya-Moya disease, successfully treated with GDC. A, Frontal view of left internal carotid angiogram showing occlusion of.

Rendering of the embryologic development of the fourth ventricle

Case 10.A, Left vertebral angiography obtained 6 months after previous surgery shows residual filling of the basilar tip aneurysm and additional right.

External carotid angiogram, lateral view, with midarterial (A) and capillary (B) phase, shows the rich vascularity of the tumor. External carotid angiogram,

Left carotid artery angiograms demonstrate the persistent otic artery (a), the basilar artery (b), the fetal posterior cerebral artery (PCA) (c), the ACoA.

A 10-year-old boy with symptoms of brain stem compression from a giant partially thrombosed distal vertebral aneurysm. A 10-year-old boy with symptoms.

A 64-year-old man with a right descending thoracic vertebral artery.

A, T1-weighted axial MR image shows a large metastasis (asterisk) involving the C2 vertebral body and extending into the surrounding soft tissues. A, T1-weighted.

A 69-year-old woman with pulsatile tinnitus.

Reproduction of the original Fig 16 (Vol. 1, page 36) of Adachi

A 59-year-old woman with bilateral descending thoracic vertebral arteries. A 59-year-old woman with bilateral descending thoracic vertebral arteries. A,

A 36-year-old woman (patient 13) presenting with right hemiparesis and left anterior circulation infarct diagnosed at brain MR imaging. A 36-year-old woman.

Case 2: 16-year-old boy, brother of girl in case 1, also with profound bilateral congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Case 2: 16-year-old boy, brother.

A, Right internal carotid artery angiographic approach for coiling of a right ophthalmic ICA aneurysm (black arrowhead) in a 71-year-old woman using 7.78.

Developmental anatomy of the distal BA

Magnified lateral projections of bilateral ICA angiography (A, right; -B, left) show only minimal collateral flows (arrows) from lenticulostriates over.

A 20-year-old man with a left ascending thoracic VA

Axial CT at level of thyroid cartilage shown on soft tissue window (width, 340 HU; center, 43 HU) in panel A and narrow window (width, 1 HU; center, 130.

A 42-year-old woman with a right parietal hematoma.

Sagittal scout view sequences are used as localizers to select the anatomic levels for flow quantification. Sagittal scout view sequences are used as localizers.

DSA of the left vertebral injection, lateral (A) and anteroposterior (B) views, and a coronal CTA image (C) from case 23 demonstrate a large unpaired thalamic.

Presentation transcript:

A, At the 4–5-mm embryonic stage bilateral longitudinal neural arteries (arrows)—one set of longitudinal neural arteries, dorsal aorta, and cervical intersegmental arteries is shown—are supplied by trigeminal artery (TA), otic artery (OA), hypoglossal arter... A, At the 4–5-mm embryonic stage bilateral longitudinal neural arteries (arrows)—one set of longitudinal neural arteries, dorsal aorta, and cervical intersegmental arteries is shown—are supplied by trigeminal artery (TA), otic artery (OA), hypoglossal artery (HA), proatlantal intersegmental artery (PA), and cervical intersegmental arteries (CIA1–6)B, At the 7–12-mm embryo vertebral artery (VA) develops through the transverse anastomoses between adjacent cervical intersegmental arteries and distal part of the proatlantal artery becomes the horizontal portion of the vertebral artery (arrowheads) while proximal part regresses completely. Failure of this regression results as persistent proatlantal artery (dashed lines). Also note that at this stage of embryo TA, OA, and HA has disappeared after development of posterior communicating artery (PCA). AA, fourth aortic arch; DAo, dorsal aorta; ECA, external carotid artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; VAo, ventral aorta. Terman Gumus et al. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2004;25:1622-1624 ©2004 by American Society of Neuroradiology