Evaluations

S&S: medial lower shin pain with running and hurdling Mechanism: learning to hurdle for the first time at track practice. Pain on both lower legs that started a couple of weeks ago at practice. S&S: medial lower shin pain with running and hurdling -decreased ankle dorsiflexion - walks on inside of feet, decreased medial arch -training shoes over 1 year old -pin point pain on lower medial border of tibia Mechanism: Learning to run hurdles on a track practice, both lower legs started a couple of weeks ago S and S Medial lower shin pain with running Decreased ankle flexibility Walks on side of feet 1 training shoes= 1 year old Pin point on posterior tibialis

Medial tibial stress syndrome (shin splints)

Mechanism: softball outfielder steps on edge of grass at warning track going after a fly ball. Felt a pop in their R foot. S and S Lateral mid-foot pain Pin point at the head of the 5th metatarsal Mid pain and maxity awoth the talar tilt and anterior drawer test Unable to bear weight on R foot

R foot jones fracture

Mechanism: Lacrosse player falls and has their R ankle stepped on the lateral side S and S Both lateral and medial ankle pain Medial swelling at medial malleolus Pain with bump and compression test Pin point pain at medial malleolus

Medial Malleolar Fracture

New track athlete just started training 3 weeks ago S and S Pain after running with both achilles Point tender just above calcaneus Goes away the next day Comes back after running New running shoes No previous problem with achilles

Achilles Tendonitis

Mechanism: athlete’s R ankle landed on another athlete’s foot S and S Felt a crunch Immediate pain and swelling (lateral) Unable to bear weight Pain with compression test Laxity and no end point with talar tilt and anterior drawer test

Inversion ankle sprain

Mechanism: Basketball player came down on another player’s foot while attempting to rebound the ball S and S Limps into the training room Felt a crunch in the L ankle Has injured this ankle 2x before Immediate lateral pain and swelling Unable to bear weight Pain with compression test, Anterior drawer test and talar tilt test, no end point

L ankle inversion ankle sprain

Mechanism: rounding 2nd base making inside cut on the bag L ankle S and S Medial and lateral ankle pain Able to bear weight but painful Paint with bump test Pin point pain on deltoid ligament All other ankle test negative

Eversion ankle sprain

Mechanism: x-country runner stepped into a hole on a trail run Mechanism: x-country runner stepped into a hole on a trail run. Severe R ankle pain, happened about a hour ago S and S Athlete is limping noticeably Immediate severe pain R ankle with swelling Heard a pop Point tender on lateral distal fibula Pain with all ankle special tests Limited weight bearing but painful

R lateral Malleolar Fracture

Learning to hurdle for the 1st time at track practice Learning to hurdle for the 1st time at track practice. Pain on both lower legs that started a couple of weeks ago after practice S and S Medial lower shin pain with running and hurdling Decreased ankle dorsiflexion Walks on inside of feet, decreased medial arch Training shoes over 1 year old Pin point pain on lower medial border of tibia

Medial tibial stress syndrome ( shin splints)

Soccer player suddenly sprinting to get ball… L achilles pain S and S Sharp pain then went away Felt a “sharp” felt like I got kicked Hard to push off Positive Thompson test Pin point at calcaneal insertion Previous history of achilles tendonitis

Achilles tendon rupture

Mechanism: outfielder stepped on edge of grass at warning track going for fly ball- R ankle/foot S and S Lateral Mid-foot pain Pain @ head of 5th metatarsal Some pain & laxity with talar tilt & anterior drawer test Felt a pop, can’t weight bear in R foot/ankle

Jones fracture

Mechanism: started hurting after basketball practice 3 weeks ago S and S Pain with squatting, landing, jumping Pain with up and down stairs Anterior drawer test hurts

Patella Tendonitis

Mechanism: playing lacrosse, lateral blow to L knee S and S swelling , medial knee pain Point tender along MCL Pain with valgus stress test only Feels loose and unstable

MCL sprain- grade 2

Mechanism: throwing discus at track practice S and S Obvious deformity L knee, patella is on lateral aspect of distal femur Prior history of dislocation Can’t walk or place weight on L leg L leg muscle guarding and lots of medial and lateral L leg pain

L Patellar Dislocation

Mechanism: Basketball player gets hit on the outside of the L knee while going after a loose ball S and S Felt a pop Medial knee pain Unable to extend knee fully Point tenderness along medial aspect of L knee Feels unstable Positive valgus stress test only with end point

MCL Sprain

Mechanism: playing catcher, blocking the plate making a play the day before S and S R knee hurts everywhere Can’t bend or straighten knee Pain with apley's compression No previous knee issues Noticeable limp, can only walk on toes

Meniscus Tear

Mechanism: jumping and landing hard S and S Started over a week ago No one particular day, just started Pain with resisted knee extension Pain with up and down stairs Pain under Patella

Patellofemoral Syndrome Chondromalacia Patella

Mechanism:Soccer player suddenly sprinting to get a ball , L rear lower leg/ankle pain. S&S felt a sharp pain then a dull ache Heard a “snap”, “felt like I got kicked in the back of my lower leg” Hard to push off the L foot + Positive Thompson test Increased pain at the Achilles insertion at the calcaneus Previous history of Achilles tendonitis

Diagnosis Achilles Tendon Rupture

Mechanism: Catcher blocking plate at practice the day before Mechanism: Catcher blocking plate at practice the day before. R foot got pinned under base runner while trying to tag him out. S&S Noticeable limp walking in Felt a pop in R knee during play R knee hurts everywhere, swollen Can’t bend or straighten R knee No previous knee injury Appley’s compression test, specifically medially

Diagnosis: R knee medial meniscus tear

Mechanism: throwing discuss at track practice Obvious deformity of L knee - Patella is on lateral aspect of femur Prior history of dislocation Can’t bear weight Muscle guarding, lots of medial & lateral knee pain

Patella dislocation

Mechanism: Basketball player making a move to the basket planted on the R foot while going left, then felt immediate severe pain in the R knee, then fell to the floor. S&S Immediate swelling R knee Medial joint line pain Unable to bear weight Feels unstable Pain with knee flexion and extension Lachman’s Drawer with no end point and pain

Diagnosis: R ACL sprain, grade III

Mechanism: Basketball player doing an increased amounts of jumping and hard landings. S&S Started over a week ago Can’t remember a particular time, just noticed it started hurting Pain with resisted knee extension under the patella Pain going up and down stairs Pain with squatting

Diagnosis: Patella Femoral Syndrome

Mechanism: Playing Basketball R knee R foot planted while pivoting making move to the basket. S&S Immediate pain and swelling Medial joint line pain Unable to bear weight, unstable Pain with knee flexion & extension Positive anterior drawer test, No end point & pain

Diagnosis: ACL Sprain Grade III

Mechanism: Anterior L knee pain, started hurting after basketball practice over 3 weeks ago. S&S Pain with squatting, landing, jumping Pain with going up and down stairs Pain along the patella tendon Pain with Lachman’s Anterior Drawer test on anterior knee but solid end point

Diagnosis: L Knee patellar tendonitis

Mechanism: R Foot Planted While Pivoting Making A Move To Basket Immediate Pain And Swelling Medial Joint Line Pain Unable To Bear Weight, Unstable Pain With Knee Flexion And Extension Positive Anterior Drawer Test, No End Point And Pain

Diagnosis: ACL Sprain - Grade 3

Mechanism: Basketball player doing increased amounts of jumping and hard landings Started over a week ago Can’t remember a particular time, just noticed it started hurting Pain with resisted knee extension under the patella Pain going up and down stairs Pain with squatting

Diagnosis: Patella Femoral Syndrome

Mechanism: Basketball player making a move to the basket planted on R foot while going left, then felt immediate severe pain in the R knee, then fell to the floor. (just happened) Immediate swelling R knee Medial joint line pain Unable to bear weight Feels unstable Pain with knee flexion and extension +Lachman’s Drawer with no end point and pain

Diagnosis: R ACL Sprain, Grade 3

Mechanism: Throwing Discuss At Track Practice Obvious deformity of L knee Patella is on lateral aspect of femur Prior history of dislocation Can’t bear weight Muscle guarding, lots of medial and lateral knee pain

Diagnosis: Patella Dislocation

Mechanism: Catcher blocking plate at practice the day before Mechanism: Catcher blocking plate at practice the day before. R foot got pinned under base runner while trying to tag him out Noticeable limp walking in Felt a pop in R knee during the play R knee hurts everywhere, swollen Can’t bend or straighten R knee No previous knee injury +Apley's Compression test, specifically medially

Diagnosis: R knee medial meniscus tear

Mechanism: Soccer player suddenly sprinting to get a ball, L rear lower leg/ankle pain Felt a sharp pain then a dull ache Heard a “snap”, “felt like I got kicked in the back of my lower leg” Hard to walk and push off the L foot Positive Thompson Test Increased pain at the Achilles insertion at the calcaneus Previous history of Achilles tendonitis

Diagnosis: Achilles Tendon Rupture

Mechanism: Running Sprint workout for football off season conditioning yesterday. S&S: Athlete limps into training room Felt a pop in the back of my R thigh Difficulty squatting, getting in and out of chair Pain with knee flexion and extension

R hamstring strain

Mechanism: doing step back lunges after doing heavy squats S&S: Pain @ mid front thigh Difficulty getting in and out of chair or car Pain with running Limited R knee flexion Pain with terminal knee extension

R Quadriceps Strain

Mechanism: Running Sprint workout @ Track Practice S&S: Pain @ middle portion of Left Hamstring Difficulty with squatting Noticeable limp, can’t run Painful knee flexion and extension

Hamstring Strain

Mechanism: Doing step back lunges in weights, after doing heavy squats S&S: Pain @ mid right thigh Difficulty sitting down and getting up Pain with running Limited R knee flexion Pain with terminal knee extension

Quadriceps Strain

Mechanism: stunting while cheerleading doing a backhandspring, felt a pop in my left shoulder when my hands hit the ground. I hit the ground and had immediate severe pain (8/10) and could not move my arm. S&S: Obvious flattening deltoid Protecting arm, head to left side Weakness, numbing, tingling in left arm Humeral head in armpit

Glenohumeral dislocation

Mechanism: Basketball player is knocked to the ground while driving to the basket. As they put their right arm out to break the fall, another player lands on their upper arm. The athlete hears a snap. S&S: Obvious upper arm deformity Swelling Cannot flex or extend elbow Weakness with right upper extremity Can’t do any special tests = painful

Fracture of the humerus

Mechanism: Lacrosse player gets a hard cross check on his L anterior shoulder that knocks him to the ground., felt a crunch. Obvious deformity along lateral ⅓ of clavicle Pain (8/10) / Can’t lift arm Pain with impingement test with movements Weakness with IR/ER MMT

Diagnosis: Clavicle Fracture

Baseball pitcher threw 120 pitches 2 days ago and the last pitch really hurt in my R shoulder, stopped right away and iced my shoulder Difficulty raising or lifting arm Pain (7/10) with shoulder flex/ext Pain (8/10) with ER Positive empty can test Positive impingement tests with movements

Diagnosis: Rotator Cuff Strain

Mechanism: Baseball catcher notices R shoulder pain that started about 3 weeks ago. S&S: Only hurts when I throw Hurts more when I throw from my catchers stance Pain with IR/ER (4/10) Pain with shoulder flex (6/10) Pain with impingement tests

Diagnosis: Biceps Tenosynovitis

Mechanism: Lacrosse player diving to make a shot and got pushed to the ground, landing on the tip of his right shoulder and he felt a pop S&S: Deformity at AC joint Point tenderness at AC joint and distal end of the clavicle Pain with C1 C2 C3 movements Impingement with movements

Diagnosis: Acromioclavicular Sprain

Mechanism: Softball catcher notices left shoulder pain about 3 weeks ago and slowly getting worse, hurts especially when throwing back to pitcher from catcher's stance and throwing back to second base, hurts with hitting too S&S: Pain 4/10 incocking to throw position MMT ER/IR = ER is weaker than IR Pain 7/10 with both impingement tests Left shoulder weakens with empty can test

Diagnosis: Impingement Syndrome

Mechanism: softball player sliding head first into 2nd base, landing hard while getting tagged on the top of the L shoulder. Felt it slip out of the joint Sts: -limited shoulder range of motion - mild pain (3/10) in shoulder joint - some pain (2/10) with flex & exit - weakness with IR/ER - positive apprehension sign (feels like it’s going to slip out) - no visual deformity

Glenohumeral sublaxation

Mechanism Softball catcher noticed L shoulder pain about 3 weeks ago and slowly getting worse. Hurts especially throwing back to pitcher from catcher's stance and throwing to 2nd base. Hurts with hitting too. S&S pain (4/10) in cocking to throw position MMT ER/IR ER is weaker than IR Pain 7/10 with both impingement test L shoulder weakness with empty can test

IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME

MECHANISM: LACROSSE PLAYER DIVING TO MAKE A SHOT AND GOT PUSHED TO THE GROUND, LANDING ON THE TIP OF HIS R SHOULDER FELT A “POP” S&S: DEFORMITY AT AC JOINT POINT TENDERNESS AT AC JOINT & DISTAL END OF CLAVICLE PAIN WITH C1,C2,C3 MOVEMENTS POSITIVE IMPINGEMENTS WITH MOVEMENTS

ACROMIOCLAVICULAR SPRAIN

MECHANISM: BASEBALL CATCHER NOTICES R SHOULDER PAIN THAT STARTED ABOUT 3 WEEKS AGO S&S: ONLY HURTS WHEN THROWING HURTS MORE WHEN THROWING FROM CATCHER'S STANCE PAIN WITH IR/ER (4/10) PAIN WITH SHOULDER FLEX (6/10) PAIN WITH IMPINGEMENT TEST

BICEPS TENOSYNOVITIS

MECHANISM: BASEBALL PITCHER THREW 120 PITCHES 2 DAYS AND THE LAST PITCH REALLY HURT IN R SHOULDER STOPPED RIGHT AWAY & ICED SHOULDER S&S DIFFICULTY RAISING OR LIFTING ARM PAIN (7/10) WITH SHOULDER FLEX/EXT PAIN (8/10) WITH ER POSITIVE EMPTY CAN TEST POSITIVE IMPINGEMENT TEST WITH MOVEMENTS

ROTATOR CUFF STRAIN

Mechanism: softball player sliding head first into second base, landing hard while getting tagged on the top of the L shoulder felt is slip out of the joint S&S: limited shoulder range of motion -mild pain (3/10) in shoulder joint -some pain(2/10) with flexion and extension -weakness with IR/ER -positive apprehension sign (feels like it is going to slip out -no visual disformation

Glenohumeral Subluxation

Mechanism: Football Running Back hit several times in R biceps while carrying the ball S&S:- pain in R lateral bicep with palpation(6/10 pain) (8/10 with bicep contraction) Difficulty with elbow extension Painful with elbow flexion & shoulder forward flexion X-ray shows calcium deposit in bicep

Myositis Ossificans of the bicep

Mechanism:2nd baseman hit by a baseball 3 times during a game in the L upper arm S&S: - Pain (6/10) with elbow flexion & extension Pain (8/10) with resisted elbow flexion Pain (7/10) with palpation of mid- biceps Doctor visit: X-ray is clear , no fracture or Bone formation

Upper Arm/ Biceps Contusion

Mechanism: Lacrosse player gets a hard cross check on the L anterior shoulder that knocks him to the ground. Felt a crunch. S&S: -obvious deformity along lateral ⅓ of clavicle -pain (8/10) cant lift arm -pain with impingement test with movements -weakness with IR/ER MMT

Clavicle Fracture

Mechanism: Basketball player is knocked to the ground while driving to the basket as they put their R arm out to break their fall, another player lands on their upper arm. The athlete heard a snap S&S: - Swelling Cannot flex or extend elbow Weakness R arm upper extremity Can’t do any special test (painful)

Fracture of the humerus

Mechanism: stunting while cheerleading doing a backhandspring, felt a pop in my L shoulder when my hands hit the ground. I hit the ground and had an immediate severe pain (8/10) and could not move my arm: S&S: -obvious flattened deltoid -protecting arm, head to L side -weakness, numbing, tingling L arm -humeral head in arm pit

Glenohumeral Dislocation