Education in the U.S. Among 18~24 year olds, Americans scored last in identifying 16 geographical locations. Survey conducted in 1988 showed Sweden was the leader, followed by West Germany, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, England, Mexico, and U.S. the last. National Geographic Society

Skilled Labor Shortage Three out of five 20-year olds in U.S. Can not go from point A to point B on a map. Can not add their bill for lunch. Don’t know if they were given the correct change. National Assessment of Educational Progress

Skilled Labor Shortage The number of people aged 20~29 will shrivel from 41 million in 1980 to 34 million in 2000, and their share of the population from 18% to 13%. Of all the new jobs expected in the 1990’s, more than half will require some education beyond high school and almost a third will be filled by college graduates. Miami Herald, 5/7/89

Skilled Labor Shortage Predictions of changes in 1990’s 2%~3% annual growth of U.S. economy. 1% annual growth of the supply of workers. A shortage of new workers available. 15% of white men only in new workers. 58% of black, Hispanic, or Asian. 47% of women. Different hiring pattern (child care). Labor Department

Skilled Labor Shortage NY Telephone gave its employment test to 57,000 people in 1986 and only 2,100 passed. Foreigners account for ½ engineering graduates and 1/3 engineering faculties. Miami Herald, 5/7/89

Are Americans Well Educated ? From 1955 to 1995 the National mean SAT scores had these changes: for Math from 500 to 475 or a decrease of 5% for Verbal from 475 to 425 or a decrease of 10% “A panel of governors warned that without a second language, Americans might soon be unable to compete abroad.” --Miami Herald, 2/26/89 “for Math only 14% of eight graders scored at the seven grade level or above.” –NEWSWEEK, 6/17/91

Are Americans Well Educated ? “Nearly half of the nation's 191 million adults cannot do such tasks as fill out a bank-deposit slip or compute the cost of carpeting a room.” –NEWSWEEK, 9/20/93 “By raising both the verbal and math averages to 500, the College Board would obscure the crucial fact that skills have deteriorated much more in reading than in math for college-bound students.”–NEWSWEEK, 8/1/94 “American 13-year-olds scored lower in math than students of the same age in any other large industrialized country.” –Miami Herald, 12/10/95

Are Americans Well Educated ? “The reason the U.S. lags in math scores isn't too little homework or too much TV in this country, but the way math is taught.” –Miami Herald, 11/21/96 “On the average Math test of eight-graders: Three Far East countries had highest scores with over 600. The International average for all countries was 513. The U.S. with only 500 was under Japan, Russia, England, etc.” –NEWSWEEK, 8/1/94

Associate Degrees Conferred

Bachelor's Degrees Conferred

Master's Degrees Conferred

Staffing Technical Organizations Identifying the nature & number of people needed Planning how to get them Selecting the best applicants Orienting & Training Evaluating their performance Providing adequate compensation

Hiring Technical Professionals Inventory # of Tech. Personnel Estimate the need Estimate the attrition (resignations, transfers, retirements, etc.) Calculate the need of recruitment Develop recruitment plan College Graduates Experienced Technician support Other resources

Hiring Managers Most middle & upper management positions are filled by promotion A healthy organization will have large annual requirement for new first-line supervisors

Selection Resume & cover letter Employment application Interview Reference checks Site visits Starting salary Job offer

Salary of IE Avg. income of IE $60,298 Median income being higher in non-manufacturing organizations ($56,812) than in manufacturing firms ($51,500) Income rose regularly by degree level to the $76,229 median income for those who hold doctoral degrees The total income rose regularly by length of experience. $35,000 (2 yrs)<> $71,630 (30 years) Supervisory responsibility increases earnings by as much as 91%; $49,100<>$93,931 $49,594 in the North Central states to $57,750 in the Pacific states http://www.abbott-langer.com/iiesumm.html

Orientation & Training Personnel: FB Job rotation Immediate supervisor