Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

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Figure 2 Muscle structure

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Figure 1 Lung and pleural ultrasonography

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Figure 2 Different manifestations of myocardial ischaemia

Figure 5 BMI and cardiorespiratory fitness levels

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 4 BMI and mortality in patients with heart failure

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 5 Two approaches to therapeutic genome editing

Figure 1 Old age, metabolites, and chronic inflammation

Figure 1 Energy supply–demand matching in health and heart failure

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 3 Global rates of sodium, fruit, and vegetable intake

Figure 1 Inducers of the NLRP3 inflammasome related

Figure 3 Ischaemic outcomes in the ST-segment elevation myocardial

Figure 2 Size categorization of airborne pollutants

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 2 Three-year survival rates on the basis of body composition

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 1 Proactive and reactive prevention of cardiovascular disease

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 8 4D magnetic resonance imaging patterns

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 4 Cardiology is replete with examples of fractal structures

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 2 Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells promote atherogenesis

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 1 Health-care system today

Figure 1 Cardiovascular risk and disease across the life-course

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 1 Decision tree integrating the assessment,

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 2 Global cost of HF per capita in 2012

Figure 5 Examples of biomarker-guided trials

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 1 Manual thrombus aspiration

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 3 Challenges for big data applications in cardiovascular care

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 4 Gross and histopathological characteristics of cardiac myxoma

Figure 3 Effects of cardiovascular medication on the fetus

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 6 The neurogenic components of angina

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 1 Statins, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitors all increase the expression of LDL receptors and reduce LDL-cholesterol levels (by percentages shown)

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 4 Electrocardiogram patterns associated with Brugada syndrome

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Figure 2 Impaired mitochondrial capacity and function in heart failure

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Presentation transcript:

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2017.36 Figure 1 Tobacco combustion products present in a conventional cigarette Figure 1 | Tobacco combustion products present in a conventional cigarette. Cigarette smoke consists of a complex mixture of combustion products, including >7,000 chemicals. A single puff of cigarette smoke contains 1 × 1017 free radicals. The oxidizing chemicals present in the gas phase of tobacco smoke are believed to be the main contributors to atherogenesis and thrombogenesis. Benowitz, N. L. & Fraiman, J. B. (2017) Cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarettes Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2017.36