Symbiosis & Invasive Species

Our goal for today is to answer these questions: What is symbiosis? What are the 3 different kinds of symbiosis? What are some examples of symbiosis? What are invasive species? What are some “real world” examples of invasive species?

Symbiosis What it means: Two organisms that live together Temporarily or for a longer time At least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship

What are the different kinds of symbiosis? Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism both organisms benefit one organism benefits one organism benefits one organism is unaffected one organism is harmed

Organism One Organism Two Mutualism Organism One Organism Two

Organism One Organism Two Commensalism Organism One Organism Two

Organism One Organism Two Parasitism Organism One Organism Two

What symbiotic relationship is this? Clown Fish & Anemone This clown fish swims in the anemone and gets protection, since its predators will get stung. The anemone is unaffected. What symbiotic relationship is this? commensalism

What symbiotic relationship is this? Loa Loa Worm & Human This worm infects human the blood stream and gets a nice warm safe home there. The human may go blind or have other complications as a result. What symbiotic relationship is this? parasitism

What symbiotic relationship is this? Shark & Remora The remora attaches itself to the shark and saves energy since it doesn’t have to swim, and it gets to snack on the sharks kills. The shark doesn’t get anything. commensalism What symbiotic relationship is this?

Moray Eel & Cleaner Fish This moray eel has a small fish cleaning between its teeth. The eel gets a clean mouth while the cleaner fish gets a nice meal. mutualism What symbiotic relationship is this?

What symbiotic relationship is this? Cattle & Egrets As these cattle walk around eating grass they stir up lots of insects. The egrets hang around and get a yummy meal of insects. What symbiotic relationship is this? commensalism

Tapeworm and Dog parasitism The tapeworm attaches to the intestinal wall of the dog and takes nutrients consumed by the dog.

Emperor Shrimp & Sea Cucumber This tiny emperor shrimp is riding along on the back of a sea cucumber (a long worm-like starfish relative) while it crawls along a sandy bottom. The shrimp gets to travel around under the protection of its much larger partner, and the sea cucumber doesn't seem to mind. commensalism What symbiotic relationship is this?

What symbiotic relationship is this? Antelope & Ox Bird This ox bird hangs out on the antelope and gets a delicious meal of bugs living on the antelope. The antelope gets rid of parasites. What symbiotic relationship is this? mutualism

Goby and Alpheid Shrimp This alpheid shrimp (on the right) uses its strong claws like a bulldozer to create a burrow in the sand. The shrimp is nearly blind. It relies upon its partner, the sharp-eyed goby, to warn of danger. When a potential predator approaches, both animals disappear quickly into the burrow mutualism What symbiotic relationship is this?

Wrasse & Batfish Can you see the two cleaner wrasses are removing parasites from a batfish? One of the wrasses has entered the gill slit of the batfish, and may even enter its mouth in search of food. The batfish gets a bath and the wrasse gets a meal. What symbiotic relationship is this? mutualism

Hummingbird Moth & Flower mutualism This hummingbird moth is drinking the nectar of a flower. The flower gets pollinated (the moth brings pollen from other flowers) and the moth gets a tasty meal. What symbiotic relationship is this?

Invasive speices- A species that is not native to the area. It is introduced usually by humans to solve an ecological problem. But over time.. It over runs the ecosystem and takes over and becomes a nusance.

Ex. Grass carp- eats algae, then gets so big it overrides all other fish

Ex. Kudzu- Brought here to control erosion… now a problem!

Ex. Red ants… Came to southeastern United States as stowaways on ships.

Ex. Burmese pythons

You should now have the following outlined on your paper. Let’s Review You should now have the following outlined on your paper. What is symbiosis? What are the different kinds of symbiosis? Describe one example of each kind of symbiotic relationship. What is an Invasive species? Give some “real world” examples of invasive species.