Scientific Humanitarian Committee Started by Magnus Hirschfeld, Germany (1919), An outspoken advocate for sexual minorities Researched the physiology of homosexuals All documents lost when the Nazi’s took power

Equal Rights Amendment Proposed by Alice Paul in 1923 Sought equality for all Wanted to end discrimination based on gender, race and sexuality Had a resurgence in interest in the 1970’s Three votes shy of being passed Equal Rights Amendment

Henry Gerber Founded the Society for Human Rights (1924) Followed the teachings and research of Magnus Hirschfeld Was a WWI and WWII veteran Henry Gerber

Society of Human Rights First LGBT Rights group in the United States, established in Chicago in 1924 Created publications, Freedom and Friendship Lasted less than 6 months because organizers were arrested for publishing obscene articles Despite its short existence and small size, the Society has been recognized as a precursor to the modern gay liberation movement Society of Human Rights

Old Maid/Spinster Confirmed Bachelor Boston Marriages LGBT Code Names

Blue Discharges Military discrimination against homosexuals Solders were released—not honorably or dishonorably Received no GI benefits because they were Gay 1916 The United States military begins issuing blue discharges, a form of Military discharge that was neither honorable nor dishonorable. During World War II the blue discharge became the discharge of choice for commanders seeking to remove homosexuals from the ranks. Continues through WWII, Korean War, Vietnam Modified with “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” in the 1990’s Blue Discharges

Gay Rights Movement 1950’s to the present Fought for equality in all aspects of public and private life Worked hand in hand with the Women’s Movement and Civil Rights Movement Proponents of the 1970’s Equal Rights Amendment— same one Alice Paul proposed in 1923 Gay Rights Movement

Bar was targeted due to suspected homosexual activity and Transgender cross dressing Public outcry against police discrimination https://www.history.com/topics/gay-rights/the- stonewall-riots President Barack Obama declared the Stonewall area a historic site in 2016 because it mitigated substantial change for the Gay Rights Movement Stonewall Riots 1969

Harvey Milk San Francisco, California politician 1st openly gay elected official Outspoken proponent for Gay Rights Was murdered along with San Francisco Mayor Geoge Moscone for his liberal government politics regarding Gay Rights Harvey Milk

 a student at the Universiity of Wyoming who was beaten, tortured, and left to die near Laramie on the night of October 6, 1998 Murdered because he was gay Shepard Byrd Hate Crime Law also (named for James Byrd who was lynched by dragging in 1998) was signed into law by Barack Obama in 2009 Matthew Shepard

California Proposition 8 a California ballot proposition and a state constitutional amendment passed in the November 2008 California state elections to ban same sex marriages The Superior Court based their decision on the previous Marriages Cases That same day, proponents of Prop. 8 filed an emergency appeal with the state appeals court. California Proposition 8

Federal Government rules to pass Same Sex Act as supported by the Supreme Court 2015 Marriage rights to homosexual couples Still disputed in some states Same Sex Marriage Act

Citations • www.brittanica.com • https://www.chicagotribune.com/bluesky/originals/chi -top-20- countdown-innovation-07-bsi-htmlstory.html • http://www.lesbiannews.com/history-scientific- humanitarian- committee/ • http://libguides.law.ucla.edu/c.php?g=183364&p=1209 015 • https://www.loc.gov/search/?in=&q=gays+in+the+mili tary&new=tr ue&st= Citations