Reproduction Study Pack #5

Today’s Goals! I can compare sexual and asexual reproduction. I can identify the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction.

Reproduction The passing of heredity material to an offpspring Some organisms reproduce sexually, and others asexually Some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually

Asexual Reproduction Involves only one parent Simple (single-celled) life forms, like bacteria Produces two offspring with hereditary information that is identical to the parent cell

Asexual Reproduction Types Budding Branching Regeneration Binary Fission

Binary Fission Bacteria reproduce through binary fission A copy of the chromosomes is made and then the bacteria cell divides in half so that each new cells gets one set of chromosomes This is very similar to MITOSIS

Advantages and Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction Organism does not have to wait for a partner to reproduce Disadvantages Offspring are exactly like parents No variation Can pass on mistakes (mutations/disease)

Sexual Reproduction The process through which two parent cells join to produce offspring Called fertilization The cells involved have only half the number of chromosomes of a normal cell

Meiosis Ensures that a cell produced by sexual reproduction has the correct number of chromosomes At the end there are four cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell

Meiosis In males, it produces sex cells called sperm cells In females, it produces sex cells called egg cells A sperm cell can join with an egg cell to produce a cell with a complete set of chromosomes This is called fertilization!

Advantages and Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction Offspring are not genetically identical to either parent Adds variation Disadvantage Two partners are needed

Reproduction in Plants Almost half of plants reproduce sexually to produce seeds Pollen – sperm cells Egg cells Pollen fertilizes eggs cell and produce a seed

Reproduction in Plants Some plants reproduce asexually Budding or branching

Assignment Create a Venn diagram to compare sexual and asexual reproduction