Warm Up: “Should This Dog Be Called Spot?”

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Meiosis is a special form of cell division.

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Presentation transcript:

Warm Up: “Should This Dog Be Called Spot?” Imagine this microscopic drama: A sex cell from a male dog joins with a sex cell from a female dog. Each dog’s sex cell carries 39 chromosomes. The fertilized egg (zygote) that results contains 78 chromosomes. It receives a set of chromosomes from each parent. Suppose that you could look at one pair of the fertilized egg’s chromosomes… Worksheet

Ch. 5, Sect. 3: Meiosis Where are genes located (on chromosomes), and how do they pass information? Understanding reproduction is the first step in finding the answers!

Foldable Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Mitosis Meiosis

Two Types of Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Only one parent cell is needed A parent Offspring are identical to parent cell Structures inside the cell are copied, then the parent cell divides Remember mitosis? Mitosis – process of producing cells identical to the parent cell (including the number of chromosomes) Why? Unicellular organisms – reproduction Multicellular organisms – growth & repair

Mitosis

Mitosis Copy this illustration (including labels) to the front of your foldable.

Two Types of Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Two parents cells join together Offspring are different from both parents Parent cells = sex cells (gametes) Sperm or eggs Join together at fertilization Sex cells have half the number of chromosomes as the organism so that they have a full set after fertilization. 23 23 46

Chromosomes Human body cells have 46 chromosomes (or 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes). Homologous chromosomes – chromosomes that carry the same sets of genes (but possibly different alleles)

Homologous Pair of Chromosomes Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure Analogy: Pair of shoes Sex cells (egg or sperm) have only half of the homologous pair (only 23 single chromosomes). Analogy: One shoe

Meiosis Sex cells are made during the process of meiosis. Meiosis – process that produces sex cells (egg or sperm) with half the usual number of chromosomes Sex cells have half of the homologous pair Two cell division (vs. one in mitosis)

Meiosis

Meiosis

Comparison of the Two Processes MITOSIS MEIOSIS