CLAIBORNE COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT CPR AWARENESS TRAINING CLAIBORNE COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT

Assessing the Scene Look out for danger to you and the injured person Look for people who can help you and look for telephones Who’s injured? Where are they? You may have to give first aid in dangerous places. The ill or injured person may be in a room with poisonous fumes, on a busy street, or in a parking lot. Before doing anything else, make sure the scene is safe for you and the injured person. Keep looking around to make sure that the scene stays safe. You can’t help anyone if you’re injured yourself. As you approach the scene, consider the following: Look out for danger to you and the injured person. Move the injured person only if they’re in danger or if you need to move them to provide first aid or CPR. Move them safely if you can. Look for people who can help you and look for telephones. Have someone phone your emergency response number (or 911). Phone for help yourself if no one else is around. Identify who’s injured. Figure out how many people are hurt and see if you can tell what happened. Be able to identify where you are and be specific. The emergency response team (or 911) dispatcher will want to know your address, floor, or location in the building or property.

When to Phone for Help Ask for help whenever: Someone is seriously ill or injured You are not sure what to do Examples of someone who is seriously ill or injured: Does not respond to voice or touch Has chest discomfort Has signs of stroke Has a problem breathing Every workplace should have a plan for an emergency. This tells workers who, how, and sometimes when to phone for help in an emergency. As a general rule, you should phone the emergency response number (or 911) and ask for help whenever someone is seriously ill or injured and if you are not sure what to do in an emergency. Here are some examples of someone who is seriously ill or injured. The person: Does not respond to voice or touch Has chest discomfort Has signs of stroke Has a problem breathing Has a severe injury or burn Has a seizure Suddenly can’t move a part of the body

Finding the Problem Check the scene to be sure it is safe Tap the person and shout “Are you OK?” Check if the person is breathing Look for signs of injury such as bleeding, broken bones, burns or bites Look for medical information jewelry After you check the scene to be sure it is safe, you must find out what the problem is before you give first aid. The following steps will help you find out what the problem is. They are listed in order of importance, with the most important step listed first. 1. When you arrive at the scene, check the scene to be sure it is safe. As you walk toward the ill or injured person, try to look for signs of the cause of the problem. 2. Check whether the person responds. Tap the person and shout, “Are you OK?” A person who responds and is awake may be able to answer your questions. Tell the person you’re there to help, ask permission to help, and ask what the problem is. A person may only be able to move, moan, or groan when you tap them and shout. If so phone or send someone to phone your emergency response number (or 911) and get the first aid kit and AED. 3. Next, check if the person is breathing. If the person isn’t breathing or is only gasping, begin CPR and use an AED if you know how. If you’re not trained and don’t know CPR, give Hands-Only CPR. 4. Next, look for any obvious signs of injury, such as bleeding, broken bones, burns, or bites. 5. Finally, look for medical information jewelry. This tells you if the person has a serious medical condition.

CPR In the next couple of slides, I’ll talk about how to provide CPR.

New CPR Sequence As you may know, the American Heart Association came out with the new guidelines for CPR & Emergency Cardiovascular Care in October 2010. The biggest change is the new sequence for CPR. The sequence for CPR has changed from A-B-C to C-A-B. You may be asking yourself why the change? Because of delays in compressions associated with time needed to open the airway and give breaths The new sequence allows chest compressions to begin sooner For adults with a witnessed cardiac arrest and ventricular fibrillation, chest compressions and early defibrillation are critical Most victims receive no bystander CPR, which may be due to the A-B-C sequence, which started with the most difficult task

Compressions A compression is the act of pushing on the chest People often don’t push hard enough because they’re afraid of hurting the victim An injury is unlikely, but it is better than death It is better to push too hard than not hard enough CPR has 2 main parts: compressions and giving breaths. Pushing hard and fast on the chest is the most important part of CPR. When you push on the chest, you pump blood to the brain and heart. A compression is the act of pushing on the chest. People often don’t push hard enough because they’re afraid of hurting the victim. An injury is unlikely, but it is better than death. It’s better to push too hard than not hard enough.

Compressions These are the actions you should take when giving CPR: Make sure the person is lying on they’re back on a firm, flat surface. Move clothes out of the way. Put the heel of 1 hand on the lower half of the breastbone. Put the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand. Push straight down at least 2 inches at a rate of at least 100 compressions a minute. After each compression, let the chest come back up to its normal position Compressions are very important and doing them correctly is tiring. The more tired you are, the less effective your compressions are. If someone else knows CPR, take turns. Switch about every 2 minutes, moving quickly to keep the pause between compressions as short as possible. Remind each other to push down at least 2 inches, push at a rate of at least 100 compressions a minute, and let the chest come back up to its normal position after each compression.

Give Breaths Compressions are the most important part of CPR If you are also able to give breaths, you will help even more Your breaths need to make the chest rise When the chest rises, you know the person has taken in enough air Compressions are the most important part of CPR. If you’re also able to give breaths, you will help even more. Your breaths need to make the chest rise. When the chest rises, you know the person has taken in enough air.

Open the Airway Before giving breaths, open the airway. Follow these steps to open the airway: Put 1 hand on the forehead and the fingers of your other on the bony part of the chin. Tilt the head back and lift the chin as seen on this image. You should avoid pressing on the soft part of the neck or under the chin.

Give Breaths To give breaths: Hold the airway open, pinch the nose closed Take a breath. Cover the person’s mouth with your mouth. Give 2 breaths (blow for 1 second each). Watch for the chest to begin to rise as you give each breath. If you give someone a breath and the chest doesn’t rise, allow the head to go back to its normal position. Then open the airway again by tilting the head and lifting the chin. Then give another breath. Make sure the chest rises. Don’t interrupt compressions for more than 10 seconds to give breaths. If the chest doesn’t rise within 10 seconds, begin pushing hard and fast on the chest again. During CPR, there is very little chance you can catch a disease. Some workplaces require rescuers to have masks. Masks are made of firm plastic and fit over the ill or injured person’s mouth or mouth and nose. You may need to put the mask together before you use it.

Use an AED If you start CPR and then use an AED within a few minutes, you will have the best chance of saving a life AEDs are safe, accurate, and easy to use Sometimes a heart doesn’t work right. An AED is a machine with a computer in it that can shock the heart and help it work properly again. If you start CPR right away and then use an AED within a few minutes, you will have the best chance of saving a life. AEDs are safe, accurate, and easy to use. The AED will figure out if the person needs a shock and will tell you to give one if needed. It will even tell you when to make sure no one is touching the person. The pads used to shock the person have a diagram showing you where to place them. The most common ways to turn on an AED are to push an “ON” button or lift the lid of the AED. Once you turn on the AED, it will tell you everything you need to do. If you have access to an AED, use it as quickly as possible. Make sure no one is touching the victim just before you push the “SHOCK” button. If you can’t find an AED quickly, then start CPR. Push hard and push fast.

AED Programs – Why? 294,000 cases of EMS-treated out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) each year in the U.S. Less than one-third receive bystander CPR; even fewer receive bystander defibrillation Bystander CPR and time to defibrillation are key The statistics you see in front of you re-emphasize the importance of having an AED program. It’s scary to know that less than one-third of victims receive bystander CPR and even fewer receive bystander defibrillation. All workplaces are potential candidates for AED programs because of the possibility of SCA and the need for timely defibrillation. Each workplace should assess its own requirements for an AED program as part of its first-aid response. A number of issues should be considered in setting up a worksite AED program: physician oversight; compliance with local, state and federal regulations; coordination with local EMS; a quality assurance program; and a periodic review, among others.

Resources www.OnlineAHA.org www.heart.org/heartquarters www.heart.org/eccclassconnector www.heart.org/instructor Before we begin the Q&A segment, I wanted to provide you with a couple of resources. If you would like to learn more about our Heartsaver eLearning courses, visit www.OnlineAHA.org. Click on “Course Catalog” and scroll to “Workplace Training” for more information about our Heartsaver eLearning courses. To find out more information about HeartQuarters Training, visit www.heart.org/heartquarters. To find an authorized American Heart Association Training Center in your local area, visit www.heart.org/eccclassconnector. From there, all you have to do is input your zip code and a mileage radius and your screen will populate with a list of AHA Training Centers within your area. If you need more information about becoming an AHA Instructor, visit www.heart.org/instructor.

Questions?