Fig. 3 Inference of African yam domestication history.

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Fig. 3 Inference of African yam domestication history. Inference of African yam domestication history. (A) Yam species relationship. The best model inferred by coalescent-based analysis is presented here. AIC, Akaike information criterion. (B) Inferred area of geographic origin of cultivated yam based on an approximate Bayesian spatial model. (C) Demographic history of cultivated yam populations (effective size, Ne). The three arrows represent the following: (i) the first expansion of yam agriculture, ca. 2500 generations ago; (ii) the second expansion, ca. 700 generations ago; and (iii) the recent decrease, ca. 400 generations ago. Orange, D. rotundata; green, D. abyssinica; dark blue, Western D. praehensilis; light blue, Cameroonian D. praehensilis. Nora Scarcelli et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaaw1947 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).