Anti-CD40 activates TAMs and recruits inflammatory monocytes.

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Anti-CD40 activates TAMs and recruits inflammatory monocytes. Anti-CD40 activates TAMs and recruits inflammatory monocytes. A, Representative flow plots of CD40 expression in the indicated cell types within an untreated tumor (top) and spleen (bottom). B, Graph of CD40+ cells as percentage of the indicated cell type in the tumor and spleen. KitV558Δ/+ mice (5 mice/group) were treated for 3 days with anti-CD40 (αCD40) alone. C, Intratumoral monocytes (CD45+Ly6G–CD11b+F4/80+Ly6Chi) and TAMs (CD45+Ly6G–CD11b+F4/80+Ly6Clo) were identified and assessed for (D) percentage of CD11c, MHCII, CD80, and CD40 expression. E, Bone marrow (BM) monocytes (Ly6C+CD11b+) in KitV558Δ/+ mice were identified 1 day after αCD40 alone (5 mice/group) and assessed for (F) percentage of CD11c, MHCII, CD80, and CD40 expression by flow cytometry. G, CCL2 mRNA expression in bulk tumors from mice 1 day after αCD40. Data represent 1 to 5 experiments, mean ± SEM; *, P < 0.05 using Student t test. Jennifer Q. Zhang et al. Cancer Immunol Res 2018;6:434-447 ©2018 by American Association for Cancer Research