POWERING OF A SPARK IGNITION GENERATOR (4 STROKE) USING A LOCALLY MADE PROPANE VENTURI MIXER BY Erameh Andrew, Adingwupu Anthony, Nwabuisi Alphonsus and Olisah Erick

INTRODUCTION

Cont’d

Cont’d

Cont’d

METHODOLOGY-MATERIALS USED Mild steel cylindrical pipe. Butterfly valve. Hose. Clips. Propane gas. Gasket Gasoline generator firman1900dx. Number of cylinders 1 Number of strokes 4 Volumetric displacement 5000cc or 5litres Starting system Recoil Frequency 50Hz Voltage rated 220V Rated output 1.0KW Maximum output 1.5KW Manifold diameter 19mm Phase Single Volumetric Efficiency 70% Engine speed 1500rpm Engine specifications and parameters Values

METHODOLOGY-DESIGN OF THE VENTURI MIXER. Air flow rate requirement of engine Q is given by 𝑸= 𝝅 𝑫 𝟐 𝑳 𝜼 𝒗 𝑵 𝟒×𝟔𝟎 D = Bore of engine= 0.05m L = Stroke of engine= 0.49m 𝜼 𝒗 =Volumetric efficiency of engine=70%, N = Speed of rotation of Engine =1500rpm

DESIGN OF THE VENTURI MIXER Cont’d Inlet Air velocity The velocity of air at inlet is given by 𝑽 𝟏 = 𝑸 𝑨 𝒊𝒏 Velocity of air at throat 𝑽 𝟐 = 𝑸 𝑪 𝒅 𝑨 𝟐 Air Pressure at throat Assuming steady, one dimensional, incompressible, isentropic flow; the Bernoulli’s theorem at section 1 and 2 𝑷 𝟐 = 𝑷 𝟏 + 𝝆 𝒂 𝟐 𝑽 𝟏 𝟐 − 𝑽 𝟐 𝟐

DESIGN OF THE VENTURI MIXER Cont’d Velocity of gas at throat The gas velocity at throat at which it enters the engine is given by (Arali and Kulkarni, 2013) 𝑽 𝟐𝒈 = 𝑲 𝒗 × 𝟐 𝝆 𝒈 × 𝑷 𝟏𝒈 − 𝑷 𝟐𝒈 Mass of air at throat The mass of air at throat is given by equation (3.7) as seen in Baylar (2007) 𝒎 𝒂 = 𝝆 𝒂 × 𝑽 𝟐 × 𝑨 𝟐 Mass of gas at throat The mass of fuel at throat is determined using 𝒎 𝒈 = 𝒎 𝒂 𝑨𝑭𝑹 AFR = stoichiometric air fuel ratio for a propane gas in a spark ignition engine =15.67:1 (Danardono1, 2011)

DESIGN OF THE VENTURI MIXER Cont’d Diameter of gas supply pipe The area of gas entrance at throat is given by 𝒅 𝒈 = 𝟒× 𝒎 𝒈 𝝆 𝒈 ×𝒏×𝝅× 𝑽 𝟐𝒈 MATLAB code was developed with the above equations varying the diameter of air inlet pipe from 0 to 0.08m to determine corresponding diameter of gas supply pipe that will give AFR of 15.67, also corresponding pressure drop and velocity of the mixed gas were determined from the code.

RESULTS- DETERMINATION OF DIAMETER OF INLET AIR PIPE

RESULTS- DETERMINATION OF THE DIAMETER OF INLET GAS PIPE

SUMMARY OF CALCULATED PARAMETERS Specifications Size Diameter of air inlet pipe 25.4mm (1 Inch) Length of air inlet pipe 200mm Diameter of gas inlet pipe 10mm Length of biogas inlet pipe 20mm Diameter of outlet throat pipe(manifold) 19mm Number of holes for gas entrance 1 Thickness of mild steel sheet and pipe 2mm

Bill of Engineering Materials and Evaluation (BEME) Quantity Cost (#) Mild steel sheet metal 300mm by 300mm 1 1,000 Mild steel cylindrical pipe (1 inch) 1 inch butterfly valve 150 Labour   2,000 Finishing 500 Miscellaneous Expenses Total 5,650

Performance analysis of the Venturi Mixer - PROPANE AND PETROL ENGINE VOLTAGE OUTPUT CAPACITY

Performance Analysis of the Venturi Mixer-Exhaust Emission

Performance analysis of the Venturi Mixer-FUEL CONSUMPTION RATE TEST

CONCLUSION A MATLAB code was developed base on the models derived from Bernoulli’s principle of flow in pipes to simulate the best inlet pipe diameters of air and gas that will give the highest pressure drop and velocity at the throat of the mixer not neglecting the stoichiometric air fuel ratio of the fuel used. Performance test was carried out using the fabricated venture mixer to determine the Load bearing capacity base on voltage output using voltmeter readings, exhaust emission and fuel consumption rate tests using petrol and propane as fuel. From the results analysis, it can be concluded that using propane as fuel with the help of the fabricated venturi mixer using locally available materials gave better results compared to petrol.

THANK YOU ALL