Fig. 2 Comparison of Bayesian estimates of the TMRCA of the Native American founder haplogroups and of the divergence from Siberian lineages. Comparison.

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Fig. 2 Comparison of Bayesian estimates of the TMRCA of the Native American founder haplogroups and of the divergence from Siberian lineages. Comparison of Bayesian estimates of the TMRCA of the Native American founder haplogroups and of the divergence from Siberian lineages. (A) Mean age (symbols) and 95% highest posterior density (HPD) (error bars) for the TMRCA of each of the Native American haplogroups. Shading indicates the period between the oldest lower bound of any 95% HPD and the youngest upper bound of any 95% HPD for each data set. The purple dotted lines show the TMRCA bounds based on tip calibration; the blue dotted lines show the extreme TMRCA bounds from previous publications (26.3 to 9.7 ka) (20, 25). (B) The isolation of Native American populations estimated to have occurred after the last observable divergence between Siberian and Native American lineages (24.9 ka based on the lowest 95% HPD upper bound) and before the oldest date at which all Native American founder haplogroups formed (18.4 ka based on the lowest 95% HPD upper bound). See section S5 for detailed methods. Bastien Llamas et al. Sci Adv 2016;2:e1501385 Copyright © 2016, The Authors