Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

B. F. Skinner Operant conditioning Prepared by: Shuhudha Rizwan.

Advertisements

Behaviourism What??!! No objectives?!

Behavioral Theories of Learning. Behavioral Learning Theory O Behavioral learning theory- focus on the ways in which pleasurable or unpleasant consequences.

Operant Conditioning Unit 4 - AoS 2 - Learning. Trial and Error Learning An organism’s attempts to learn or solve a problem by trying alternative possibilities.

Operant Conditioning Unit 4 - AoS 2 - Learning. Trial and Error Learning An organism’s attempts to learn or solve a problem by trying alternative possibilities.

LEARNING: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS Operant Conditioning.

Consultancy Project Experiential Learning MGT529 Dr. Khurrum S. Mughal.

LEARNING. Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience Associative Learning: learning that two events.

Psychologists- Learning Theoriest

Behaviourism Johnny D is very creative he loves playing the guitar, the drums and singing. In fact he loves anything involved in producing music. Why is.

Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable behavior as opposed to internal events like thinking and emotion because it can be scientifically measured!

Operant Conditioning A learning process by which the likelihood of a particular behaviour occurring is determined by the consequences of that behaviour.

It explains learning in terms of observable behaviours and how they are influenced by stimuli from the environment.

Today’s session You will learn how to...You will learn about... Describe and apply psychological approaches & theories Assess the strengths and weaknesses.

Operant Conditioning. Definition OperantClassical A type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior depends on the consequence that follows that.

Behavioral Learning Theory : Pavlov, Thorndike & Skinner M. Borland E.P. 500 Dr. Mayton Summer 2007.

John W Gardner (1912 – 2002) “We think of the mind as a storehouse to be filled when we should be thinking of it as an instrument to be used.”

Learning is achieved through experience.  Learning is a relatively permanently change in behavior as a result of experience Principles; 1. Learning is.

What are these rats learning and how?. Today’s session You will learn how to...You will learn about... Describe and apply psychological approaches & theories.

By: alisha mccormack.  March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990  American psychology behaviorist  Author, inventor, social philosopher  Lifetime achievement.

Tutor: Maureen McLachlan

Health psychology theories & models

Operant Conditioning The Main Features of Operant Conditioning: Types of Reinforcement and Punishment.

Learning by consequences

Learning Chapter 5 Presentation:Fajr Harris Presenter:Daniel Rodriguez

Behaviourism DTLLS: Learning and its Assessment.

Learning and Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Learning by Observation

Operant Conditioning The Main Features of Operant Conditioning: Types of Reinforcement and Punishment.

Learning: Principles and Applications

Kasey Tate & Sam Cocks EDUC2322, Flinders University

The Behaviorist Perspective

James M. Kuterbach, MA July 27, 2006

Work Based Learning Project

Mr. Koch Psychology Andover High School

Praising child and quit your nagging are comparable

Behavioral Views of Learning

Evaluating Behaviourism

FUN DIP Raise Arm = lick “Test Trial” = DON’T lick.

Learning Module One: Booklet #7.

Behaviorism and the Classroom:

Learning by consequences

Learning Module One: Booklet #7.

Conditioning: ways in which we learn based upon an association between two events by repeated exposure Classic and Operant.

Introduction to Psychology

Operant Conditioning Unit 4 - AoS 2 - Learning.

Learning liudexiang.

UNIT 4 BRAIN, BEHAVIOUR & EXPERIENCE

Behavioural Views of Learning-02

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

The Learning Approach (Behaviourism).

A-Level PE What is operant conditioning?

Solving Behavioural Problems Using Learning Theory Applied Animal Ethology ANIM3043 Dr Cam Day Animal Behaviour Veterinarian Cam Day Consulting Ph 07.

Operant Conditioning.

Human Learning.

Operant conditioning B.F. Skinner (1904 – 1990)

The Behaviourist Theory of Learning

Learning and Memory Lap 3 Chapters 9 and 10.

Learning Psychology Unit 3.

Classical and Operant Conditioning

LEARNING Chapter 4 Pg 138 to 168 READ IT!.

Operant Conditioning.

Part 1- Behaviorist Learning Theory

Learning Theory SAC Revsion.

Learning and Memory Lap 3 Chapters 9 and 10.

Presentation transcript:

Burrhus Frederic Skinner Behaviourism Burrhus Frederic Skinner

I do not deny the existence of internal mental events, however, I don’t feel these can be studied scientifically. Moreover, there really is no need to study them.

Definition Behaviourism is a theory of animal and human learning that only focuses on objectively observable behaviours and discounts mental activities. Behaviour theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of a new behaviour. Behaviourists identify CONDITIONING as a universal learning process.

The ‘Black Box’ Stimulus Response

Classical conditioning stimulus → response smell food → salivate ring bell + ring bell → salivate Pavlov (1849 – 1936)

Operant conditioning stimulus → response → reward the reward makes the response more probable in the future right responses lead to rewards so the potential reward leads to the right response This is Skinner’s Law of Positive Reinforcement.

Negative reinforcement In the same way as positive reinforcement (PR), this can be used to increase the likelihood of the required response. Negative reinforcement (NR) rather than leading to a reward for the desired behaviour, leads to relief at not receiving a negative experience.

Punishment Punishment is often confused with negative reinforcement. However, it is designed to weaken or eliminate unwanted behaviour whereas both positive and negative reinforcement are designed to strengthen or increase the likelihood of desired behaviour. Presentation punishment (PP) presents an unpleasant consequence as a result of the learner’s behaviour.. Removal punishment (RP) leads to the removal of some privilege.

Try this… PR RP PP NR The teacher praises a correct response. The corporal is reduced to the ranks for drinking on duty. The motorist receives a £60 fine for parking illegally. The driver puts on their seat belt to stop the annoying buzzer. The teenager is banned from watching TV for being rude. The salesperson gets a bonus for achieving their target. The boxer receives a public warning for hitting below the belt. The teenager tidies their room to avoid being nagged. The footballer receives congratulations for scoring the goal. The student hands in work on time to avoid a telling off. PR RP PP NR

Implications for teaching and learning repetition/practice mastery learning chunking teaching with acoustical guidance e-learning and e-assessment rewards