Fig. 2 Tissue-specific transcriptomic alterations in response to acute sleep loss in healthy humans. Tissue-specific transcriptomic alterations in response to acute sleep loss in healthy humans. (A) Relative expression levels of differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.05) in VLM showing levels across both VLM and SAT in both sleep and wake states (left; normalized by row, that is, all rows share the same mean and the same variance; the scale is truncated at −1 and 1). The fold changes for each tissue in response to sleep loss (that is, overnight wakefulness, wake) are also shown (right). (B) Corresponding analysis as shown in (A) for genes differentially expressed in adipose tissue in response to sleep loss. (C) Venn diagram displaying the number and overlap for significantly up- and down-regulated genes in each tissue following sleep loss. (D) GSEA using the R package GAGE against the KEGG ontology showing significant pathways (q values, with FDR < 0.05; scale shown to the right) that are down-regulated in VLM compared with pathways up-regulated in SAT in response to sleep loss (see table S4, A to D, for a complete list of all up- and down-regulated pathways in each tissue). fc, fold change. Jonathan Cedernaes et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaar8590 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).