Western blotting confirming the presence of fusion proteins in tumor lysates and showing increased signaling pathway activation in respective tumors. Western blotting confirming the presence of fusion proteins in tumor lysates and showing increased signaling pathway activation in respective tumors. A, Tumor #1 series express FGFR2–DNM3 fusion proteins at expected molecular weight (left). At the same molecular weight, its fusion partner DNM3 is also detected. FGFR2–DNM3 expression coincides with enhanced FRS2 phosphorylation. B, Detection of FGFR2–TNS1 in tumor #6 by mass spectrometry (MS) upon FGFR2 immunoprecipitation. Short gray blocks show the locations of peptides identified by MS. C, Tumor #3 series express DHX9–RAF1 fusion proteins at the expected molecular weight with increased pERK signals. D, Tumor #2 expresses a high level of c-MET at the protein levels, which coincides with increased MET phosphorylation. E, Tumor #17 that harbors biallelic PTEN deletion expresses undetectable PTEN at the protein levels, and high AKT and PRAS40 phosphorylation. Hui Liu et al. Cancer Discov 2018;8:354-369 ©2018 by American Association for Cancer Research