And other minutia KD7ZWV (Jan) jan.l.Peterson@gmail.com HF (General) Bands And other minutia KD7ZWV (Jan) jan.l.Peterson@gmail.com

What do we need to know? Review from last week Frequency Wavelength Electromagnetic Radiation Modulation Signal Propagation Ionospheric Layers Bands Regulations

Frequency Measured in Hz (Hertz) kHz (1,000 Hz) MHz (1,000,000 Hz) Cycles “per second” Examples

Wavelength Units: meters (or metres if you’re European) Measured “trough to trough” or “crest to crest”

Calculating Frequency or Wavelength Wavelength (m) / Time (s) = Speed of Light (300,000,000 m/s) Remember, Frequency is measured in Hz, or “per second” (1/s) Wavelength (m) x Frequency (Hz) = Speed of Light (300,000,000 m/s) Algebra Time! Wavelength = Speed of Light / Frequency or Frequency = Speed of Light / Wavelength λ “lambda” == wavelength (in meters) f frequency (in Hz) c speed of light (in m/s) c λ f

Electromagnetic Radiation

Modulation CW (continuous wave) Frequency Modulation Amplitude Modulation Single Side Band (USB or LSB) Phone Data

Direct Station to Station Operation

Signal Propagation

“Ionospheric Bounce”

“Ionospheric Bounce”

Bands Low Frequency = 2200 m Medium Frequency = 630 m, 160 m High Frequency = 80 m, 60 m, 40 m, 30 m, 20 m, 17 m, 15 m, 12 m, 10 m Very High Frequency = 6 m, 4 m, 2 m, 1.25 m, 70 cm, 33 cm, 23 cm, 13 cm

Low Frequency 2200 m 135.7 kHz to 137.8 kHz POWER RESTRICTION: 1 W EIRP maximum

160 m (Medium Frequency) 1.8 MHz to 2.0 MHz

80 m (High Frequency) 3.5 MHz to 4.0 MHz

60 m (High Frequency) 5 MHz Channels POWER RESTRICTION: 100 W PEP

40 m (High Frequency) 7.0 MHz to 7.3 MHz

30 m (High Frequency) 10.1 MHz to 10.15 MHz

20 m (High Frequency) 14.0 MHz to 14.35 MHz

17 m (High Frequency) 18.068 MHz to 18.168 MHz

15 m (High Frequency) 21.0 MHz to 21.45 MHz

12 m (High Frequency) 24.89 MHz to 24.99 MHz

10 m (High Frequency) 28 MHz to 29.7 MHz

6 m (Very High Frequency) 50 MHz to 54 MHz

Band Chart

Questions and References http://arrl.org/band-plan