Masquerade Repro Reef Relationships Humans Surprise 200 200 200 200 200 400 400 400 400 400 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

the act of disguising or concealing the presence of an individual, either by passive or active means

What is camouflage (200 points)

patterns that break up the silhouette

What is disruptive coloration (400 points)

false eyespots that confuse predators

What are ocelli (600 points)

specialized pigment cells in the animals’ skin

What are chromatophores (800 points)

modified body parts that match the specialized anatomies of their hosts

What are faux features (1000 points)

Sexual characteristics come at a cost to the individual’s survival

What is the handicap principle (200 points)

Female reproductive success is most strongly limited by the number and success of eggs that she can produce, while male reproductive success is limited by the number of mates he obtains

What is Bateman’s Hypothesis (400 points)

Ejecting free-floating polyps that will settles elsewhere in more favorable conditions

What is polyp bailout (600 points)

root-like runner of tissue in sea squirts

What is a stolon (800 points)

an egg fuses with a byproduct of egg production to create a clone of the mother without any help from a male

What is parthenogenesis (1000 points)

Item used by male jeweled rockskippers for nesting

What is a mollusk shell (200 points)

Structure male seahorses have to incubate eggs

What is a brood pouch (400 points)

Type of organism pygmy seahorses mimic

What is coral (600 points)

A striped fang blenny and a striped mimic blenny are an example of what type of masquerading?

What is Mullerian mimicry (800 points)

The elongated snout of the Yellow Longnose butterfly fish

What is its proboscis (1000 points)

Type of social relationship shared by pistol shrimp and gobies

What is cooperation/mutualism (200 points)

Situation where helpers are locked into providing assistance to others

What is obligate altruism (400 points)

Social relationship between man-of-war fish and Portuguese Man of War

What is commensalism (600 points)

Type of relationship seen in sponge-dwelling shrimp

What is eusociality (800 points)

When one organism reduces its reproductive success in order to harm another organism

What is spite (1000 points)

swim slowly over the reef substrate, picking off prey items, such as crustaceans, that are spotted on the bottom or in hiding places

What are benthic foragers (200 points) triggerfish, eels, and snappers

two adjoining skeletal pockets formed by fission in stony coral

What are corallites (400 points)

Persian carpet flatworms engage in this act for reproduction

What is penis fencing (600 points)

a form of natural selection in which individuals can increase their fitness by helping close relatives

What is kin selection (800 points)

a summary of the total time and relative frequency of different behaviors of an individual

What is a time budget (1000 years)