Adipocytes from women with polycystic ovary syndrome demonstrate altered phosphorylation and activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3  Wendy Chang, M.D., Mark O. Goodarzi, M.D., Ph.D., Heith Williams, M.S., Denis A. Magoffin, Ph.D., Marita Pall, M.D., Ph.D., Ricardo Azziz, M.D., M.B.A., M.P.H.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 90, Issue 6, Pages 2291-2297 (December 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.025 Copyright © 2008 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Glucose uptake in adipocytes from control women and women with PCOS. 3-O-methyl glucose uptake was measured in freshly prepared adipocytes from six women with PCOS and four control women. Data are presented as the ratio of stimulated glucose uptake to the basal glucose uptake to control for individual subject variation in basal uptake. ∗Significant increases within groups. a = P<.05 vs. PCOS; b = P<.01 vs. PCOS. Fertility and Sterility 2008 90, 2291-2297DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.025) Copyright © 2008 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Assessment of GSK3 phosphorylation. (A) Serine phosphorylation of GSK3α in response to insulin was significant in control women (blue bars; P=.028) but not in women with PCOS (red bars; P=.058). (B) Serine phosphorylation of GSK3β in PCOS did not respond to insulin stimulation (P=.51), whereas within control women, insulin led to increased phosphorylation (P=.028). (C) Levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated GSK3β were increased in women with PCOS, both at baseline and with insulin stimulation, compared with the case in control women (P=.0015). Levels of phosphoproteins are presented normalized to the expression levels of the corresponding total protein. Error bars = SE. Fertility and Sterility 2008 90, 2291-2297DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.025) Copyright © 2008 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions