Theme = European Imperialism 9/13/18 – The first permanent English settlement in North America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Thirteen years later the Pilgrims landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Theme = European Imperialism HW- New England, Middle, & Southern Colonies reading and Complete chart.

Exploration and the Colonial Era What traits did American groups have in common? Most Native American tribes view the earth as a place that all would share and preserve. Family and elderly where important. Most were polytheistic and believed that spirits filled the world. What changes that affected European society led to the growth of exploration? Increased trade led Europeans to search for new wealth. Countries built strong armies and navies. Improved ships and sailing instruments allowed ships to navigate around the seas.

Why were Africans brought to the Americas? Europeans brought diseases that Killed Native Americans who had no immunity to them. Europeans enslaved them and overworked them on plantations throughout New Spain. This led to the need for new labor and Africans were brought to the new world. What prompted colonists to settle in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania? Puritans in Mass. & Quakers in Penn. both migrated to the English colonies seeking religious freedom.

5. How did the Northern & Southern colonies differ? Southern colonies created a rural agricultural society that relied on slave labor and large tracts of land. The northern colonies developed an economy centered on trade and manufacturing with small farms a very little slaves.

English Migration: 1610-1660 What are some reasons why people migrate?

Jamestown Settlement, 1607

Jamestown Fort & Settlement Map

I. Identify why the reasons England established colonies in the new World Opportunity for wealth ($$$$) – GOLD Jamestown, Virginia - (1607 – First Permanent English Colony in N. America) Joint-Stock Company – A way for English citizens to gain profit off of the land in the new world. New world was rich in the resources that England needed for industries.

Tobacco Plant Virginia’s GREEN GOLD. -- John Rolfe, 1612

B. Religious Persecution – Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620) 1. Pilgrims & Puritans came looking for religious freedom. 2. Believed in the idea that the community produces and succeeds together and all actions are for God.

C. Overpopulation 1. England needed the land to lessen the masses of people residing in the country. D. Conquest and Competition 1. England wanted to be the first European country to set up colonies and profit off of the resources of North America.

III. Indentured Service A. Indenture Contract: Had to be white 5-7 years. Forbidden to marry. Promised “freedom dues” [land, $] 1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived their indentured contracts! B. Slavery is introduced to Jamestown Colony in 1619? The first African American laborers arrive in Jamestown and work on large Plantations as indentured servants.

It would take several decades before slavery would become standard practice on Plantations throughout the South. It was an economic advantage for plantation owners.

IV. How did MERCANTILISM affect the people of the English colonies? A. Mercantilism is an economic system where a Mother Country (England) sets up Colonies (New World) in order to receive raw materials from their colonies and then the Mother Country ships back manufactured goods. B. The Mother Country gets the best of the deal because they get cheap raw materials and sell them back to the colonies as expensive finished goods. Placed restrictions on colonial trade

MERCANTILISM

Triangular Trade C. “Triangular Trade” was the transatlantic system of trade in which goods and people, including slaves, were exchanged between Africa, Europe, and the colonies of North America.

V. What is SALUTARY NEGLECT and how did it offer the colonists a way around mercantilism? 1. Salutary Neglect was when the Mother Country (England) ignores the actions of its colonies and allows the colonies to trade with other countries.

“The time may come… when the colonies may become populous and with the increase of arts and sciences strong and politic, forgetting their relationship to the mother countries, will then confederate and consider nothing further than the means to support their ambition of standing on their own legs.” Nehemiah Grew Reread Grew’s warning quoted above. Explain why the British did not want this to happen.

B. Why is this good for… England Colonies Less time spend monitoring colonies Less money spent monitoring colonies  Allowed more trade opportunities to make larger profits Save money by not having to pay high fees and taxes Gives the Colonies their first taste of self-government

Think Critically: If the American colonists are on the verge of a democracy and more rights, why then are Africans, who are forced into slavery, not included in this movement for freedom?