Unit 1 Part 2 A gathering of voices Literature of Early “America” Beginnings to 1750

Outline of what we’ll be covering… Readings 6 Selections Literary Terms 6 Literary Terms This Week Reading Strategies 5 Reading Strategies

I. Readings for this week A Journey Through Texas John Edwards To My Dear and Loving Husband Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca Anne Bradstreet from Journal of the First Voyage to America Excerpts from To Be A Slave Christopher Columbus Julius Lester Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Our Authors From Left (clockwise): John Edwards, Christopher Columbus, Captain John Smith, Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, 1750s Slaves, and Anne Bradstreet

II. Literary Terms Introduced This Week Narrative Accounts Defining Narrative Accounts Exploration Narrations Journal Accounts Historical Narrative Captivity Narrative Slave Narrative Puritan Plain Style and Sermon

A. Definition Narrative Accounts pg. 56 Tell the story of real life events. Considered nonfiction. Classified as FIRSTHAND or SECONDHAND FIRSTHAND ACCOUNTS Created by people who lived through significant historical events These texts are considered PRIMARY SOURCES Can be subjective or biased AKA “one-sided perspective” SECONDHAND ACCOUNTS Written by researchers who did not DIRECTLY see or experience Are SECONDARY SOURCES

A. Defining Narrative Accounts Features of Narrative Accounts Main purpose of narrative accounts is to provide info about events and experiences Distinctive Style Narrative Accounts include writer’s personal observations and feelings. Style: writer’s characteristics way of writing Tone: writer’s attitude toward the audience and subject.

B. Exploration Narrative Records information about the writer’s own travels to an unfamiliar place. Provided information to the people back home in Europe.

C. Journal Accounts Individual’s day-by-day account of events Reveals as much about the writer as it does the historical events As you read, from Journal of the First Voyage to America, look for details that reveal Columbus’s values, hopes, and reactions Not a reliable record of facts POINT OF VIEW Attitudes about the topic/audience; may color the telling of events

D. Historical Narrative Firsthand accounts by people who lived through significant historic events Firsthand historical accounts are subjective; express the writer’s opinion & bias.

E. Captivity Narrative Records events and personal feelings during the writer’s captivity FIRSTHAND ACCOUNT

F. Slave Narrative Records the injustices of slavery and often tells how the writer escaped or was freed. Documents a slave’s experiences from his or her own point of view Reaches the reader through EMOTIONAL APPEALS

G. Puritan Plain Style and Sermon Writing style of the Puritans reflected that of their lives Spare, simple, straightforward Uses short words, direct statements, and reference to the everyday APOSTROPHE – Speaker directly addresses a person who is dead, personified object, non-human thing Sermon Speech given from a pulpit in house of worship In colonial America’s religious climate, sermon MOST POPULAR LITERARY FORM Believed poetry should serve God Poetry appealing to senses or emotions = dangerous

II. Reading Strategy Recognize Signal Words Recognize Author’s Purpose Used to follow order of events Signal words HIGHLIGHT relationship among ideas TIME and CONTRAST (usual examples in writings) Recognize Author’s Purpose Why a work was written Why words, details, and events were chosen and included. Breaking Down Sentences Looking at a complex sentence and separate the essential parts (WHO and WHAT) Paraphrasing Restate in your own words Use Context Clues Surrounding words, phrases, sentences – clues that will help you understand meaning of unfamiliar words.