Energy Transfer In Plants Changing the Sun’s Energy Into Useable, Stored Energy

All Life Needs Energy!! Some life uses a process called chemosynthesis to make life possible. Bacteria can get energy from thermal vents on the ocean floor!!! Hydrogen sulfide chemosynthesis - CO2+O2+4{H2S}→CH2O+4{S}+3{H2O} But even this depends on photosynthesis!! (O2 from plants)

Chloroplast Sunlight Plant Cell

Parts of the Plant Cell

Life Needs Useable Energy Remember!! ATP is the useable form of energy in a cell! In order for a plant to make ATP they must perform 2 processes, Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Plants Do BOTH!! Photosynthesis with Chloroplasts And Cellular Respiration with Mitochondria

Where Does It Start? Photosynthesis begins with Sunlight, when it hits the leaves of plants (and some protists or bacteria)

Photosynthesis has 3 stages Capture Light Energy Make Chemical Energy Store Energy In Carbohydrates

Photosynthesis: Stage 1 Light hits the chloroplast and is absorbed by a pigment called chlorophyll A pigment is any light absorbing substance

Stage 1: Continued In Stage 1, the energy from the light splits H2O into three parts: Oxygen (O2) Hydrogen Ions (H+) Electrons (e-)

Photosynthesis: Stage 2 The H+ and e- are pushed through the electron transport chain to make NADPH NADPH is like a rechargeable battery

Photosynthesis: Stage 3 This stage DOES NOT require LIGHT. NADPH provides the energy to combine CO2 molecules into carbohydrates such as glucose (C6H12O6) This process is called the “Calvin Cycle”

Photosynthesis: The Reaction Light (6) CO2 + (6) H2O C6H12O6 + (6) O2 Enzymes Reactants: Carbon Dioxide & Water Products: Glucose & Oxygen

What’s Next? Some glucose is stored as starch. The rest of it goes to the cytoplasm to begin to make ATP through Cellular Respiration!!