Industrialization and You! Chapter 6, Section 1 Notes Gettin’ Dirty Industrialization and You! Chapter 6, Section 1 Notes

Why Industrialize After the Civil War? There were many natural resources Government supported businesses The urban population was growing, creating a demand for products This demand for products led to a growing demand for labor by businesses

Come Listen to a Story ‘Bout a Man Named Jed… …Oil, that is…Black Gold…Texas Tea In 1859 Edwin L. Drake struck oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania What do you think he used to drill for that oil?…note the year is 1859 Answer: A Steam Engine This was the first time removing oil from the earth’s surface became practical

Come Listen to a Story ‘Bout a Man Named Jed… The oil boom began and spread through 4 connected states and a separate state, that is currently oil-rich…who were they? Answer: Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Texas There was one part of oil that was considered a waste and often thrown out…what was it? Answer: Gasoline

Saturday Night Live was Great… While there was oil, there were other metals that were more plentiful Iron was found often, but there were problems: it was soft, broke easily, and rusted How do we fix it? Remove the carbon Iron – Carbon = Steel

I Went to School With Ben Roethlisberger The Bessemer Process was created by Henry Bessemer and William Kelly They took iron, melted it, and injected air into it to remove the carbon and other impurities By 1880, 90% of U.S. steel was produced using the Bessemer Process What was it used for? Answer: Railroads, Barbed Wire, Reaper, Steel Plow, Steel Windmill Plows used to be wooden…why would a steel plow be better? Answer: Steel lasted longer and didn’t need to be replaced as often

How Do We Know It’ll Work? Take a look at the Brooklyn Bridge (1883) It’s still standing today It could not be supported by iron Steel is stronger and could support the structures The Home Insurance Building in Chicago is significant too because it was the first skyscraper with a steel frame

It Was “Electric” Long Before the Two-Step Electricity Thomas Edison created the world’s first research laboratory Perfected the Incandescent light bulb (1880) As important, Edison invented a system for producing and distributing electrical power George Westinghouse joined Edison to make electricity safer and cheaper 1890: electric power ran many machines, like fans and printing presses

It Was “Electric” Long Before the Two-Step Why Electricity? It was inexpensive and convenient Began to be used in homes Led to the inventions of many household appliances How did electricity change business in America? Hint: Factories used to only be able to place themselves by water sources; not now…why? Answer: Electricity allows machines to be run; you don’t need water power any more

Other Important Inventions Typewriter: Invented by Christopher Sholes (1867) Telephone: Invented by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Watson (1876)

Women’s Role New jobs created for women, especially in the office 1870: 5% of office workers were women 1910: 40% office workers were women Clothes are now mass-produced in factories, where many women worked instead of just sewing clothes at home