Lesson 5.1: The Great Awakening and the Enlightenment

Essential Question What role did the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment play in moving the colonists toward revolution?

Vocabulary nationalism: devotion to one's own nation; desire for one's nation to be successful or independent; patriotism. divine right: the ruler was chosen directly by GOD therefore has the right to rule. monarch: a person who rules for life usually through a hereditary right. denomination: specific religious group.

Vocabulary II authority: power to command or rule. intellectual: having to do with the ability to think or to reason. philosophy: the study of the nature of life, truth, knowledge, and other important human matters,

Where We Are American Revolution 1775 Mayflower 1620 Jamestown 1607 Great Awakening 1730 100 40 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800

What We Already Know Beginning with the Mayflower, in 1620, many of the first colonists who settled in North America were very religious and came here seeking the freedom to worship God as they chose.

What We Already Know When Pilgrim settlers arrived off Cape Cod, Massachusetts in 1620, they decided to sign an agreement called the Mayflower Compact. It assumed that people could govern themselves, thus it established the idea of self-government rather than government by a monarchy.

What We Already Know By the early 1700s, ideas from the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution were changing the way people saw the world, themselves, and their governments. Mayflower Compact = self rule

A tell B What did European kings believe about their right to rule? Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

The Great Awakening Many colonists feared they had lost the religious passion that had driven their ancestors to find the colonies. Religion seemed dry, dull, and distant, even to regular churchgoers.

The Great Awakening Prior to the Great Awakening, being truly religious meant trusting the heart, rather than the head, valuing feeling more than thinking, and relying on biblical revelation rather than human reason.

The Great Awakening With the coming of the Great Awakening came ideas of equality and the right to challenge authority. When churches weren’t living up to the expectations of the people in their congregation, the people felt they had the right to break away and form new denominations.

The Great Awakening Colonists came to realize that political power, like religious freedom, did not reside in the hands of the English but in their own hands. Thus, the Great Awakening helped bring about a climate which made the American Revolution possible.

Major Figures of the Great Awakening Jonathan Edwards became known widely for his fiery sermons. He believed a Great Awakening was needed because: 1) People were neglecting their personal relationship with God and 2) Too many colonists seemed to have lost their religious passion.

Major Figures of the Great Awakening George Whitefield was a well-known preacher, encouraged men to righteousness through their own individual decisions. He raised thousands for an orphanage in Georgia.

Impact of the Great Awakening on the Colonies New denominations were formed. Some of which accepted minorities. Religious colleges like Princeton and Brown were formed to train ministers. Above all else, people began to question authority.

Get your sticks ready.

By the mid 1700s, the Great Awakening is best described as… A. a political movement B. a scientific movement C. an economic movement D. a religious movement

What was seen as the need for the Great Awakening ? A. People were neglecting their personal relationship with God. B. Many colonists seemed to have lost their religious passion. C. Too many churchgoers were challenging the authority of their ministers. D. All of the above. E. A and B only

Which is not an accurate statement about the Great Awakening? A. It created a new sense of morality and an interest in religion. B. It caused church congregations to split apart and new denominations to be formed. C It led to the banning of African and Native Americans from Christian churches. D. It led to the founding of several colleges. E. It led colonists to question authority, even that of Parliament and the king.

In what way did the Great Awakening contribute to the Revolutionary War? A. It inspired a sense of nationalism among the colonists. B. It discouraged criticism of established authority. C. It demonstrated that God was on the side of the colonists. D. It gave Englishmen a sense of superiority over their European neighbors.

When did the Great Awakening occur in relation to the Revolutionary War A. A few decades before a decade before C. a century before. D. immediately before.

The Enlightenment . . . The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason and science. It was based on the belief in natural laws that controlled how the universe worked.

The Enlightenment . . . It emphasized two very important points: individuals have natural rights. natural laws should be the basis of all government.

Major Figures of the Enlightenment Perhaps the most important figure of the Enlightenment was the English philosopher John Locke.

Major Figures of the Enlightenment Locke argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. People create governments to protect their natural rights.

Major Figures of the Enlightenment Locke believed that the government gets its power from the people and without the people, the government should have no power.

Major Figures of the Enlightenment Locke also wrote, if a government fails in this duty, people have the right to change it. Locke’s ideas challenged the belief that kings had a God-given right to rule.

Major Figures of the Enlightenment Charles-Louis Montesquieu was a French nobleman who proposed dividing government into three branches in order to more evenly distribute the power.

Major Figures of the Enlightenment Benjamin Franklin was a famous American inventor, statesman, ambassador and political thinker.

Impact of the Enlightenment on the Colonies The colonists began to view the British government differently.

Impact of the Enlightenment on the Colonies They began to believe that the government should be protecting their natural rights. Many started to question the authority of the British government which was so far away.

Be ready with your response. A tell B According to Enlightenment thinkers, where did governments get their authority to rule? Be ready with your response.

Get your sticks ready.

What was the Enlightenment? (Choose all that are true.) A. A philosophical movement that emphasized science and reason. B. Belief in natural laws that govern the universe. C. Ideas drawn from Christianity, the Renaissance, and the Reformation. D. Support for the God-given right of kings to rule. E. Opposed in the colonies by Benjamin Franklin. (Choose all that are true.)

Which was not part of John Locke’s philosophy ? A. Kings do not have a God-given right to rule. B. The people have a right to change its government if it fails in its duty. C. It is the duty of every government to protect their citizens' natural rights. D. All people are created equal, regardless of race, religion, sex, or nationality.

What ideas from the Enlightenment led the colonies to break away from England? A. It encouraged them to change their government if it fails to protect their natural rights. B. It helped them see how helpful an alliance with France could be. C. It led them to demand that the English king divide his powers of government into three branches, as Montesquieu suggested. D. It caused them to believe that independence was part of God’s plan for America.

The American Revolution A and B Discuss How did the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment move the colonists toward revolution? Great Awakening The Enlightenment The American Revolution