Outline of antibody groups used in panels for identification of AML-aberrant immunophenotypes (both for LAIP and “different-from-normal” approaches) and subsequent residual disease monitoring. Outline of antibody groups used in panels for identification of AML-aberrant immunophenotypes (both for LAIP and “different-from-normal” approaches) and subsequent residual disease monitoring. Core markers are those selected for the backbone of the panel to identify myeloid blast populations. These are combined with markers from lymphoid/myelomonocytic maturation groups (megakaryocytic markers and NG2 [for MLL-rearranged AML] are not included but are more useful in pediatric AML). A stem cell combination may be included (as in the United Kingdom [UK] National Cancer Research Institute [NCRI] AML trial panel) to detect potential immunophenotypic LSC. Most sensitive, robust, aberrant phenotypes include cross-lineage expression and CD34+ human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR weak/negative. Some aberrant phenotypes may be sensitive (by testing detection by serial dilution in normal marrow) but less stable/useful in follow-up samples. Blue, antibody marker; bold blue, marker in NCRI AML trial panel; red, type of aberrant phenotype potentially detected by marker group. David Grimwade, and Sylvie D. Freeman Blood 2014;124:3345-3355 ©2014 by American Society of Hematology