A prospective comparison of digital image analysis and routine cytology for the identification of malignancy in biliary tract strictures  Todd H Baron, Gavin C Harewood, Ashwin Rumalla, Nicole L Pochron, Linda M Stadheim, Gregory J Gores, Terry M Therneau, Piet C De Groen, Thomas J Sebo, Diva R Salomao, Benjamin R Kipp  Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology  Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 214-219 (March 2004) DOI: 10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00006-0

Figure 1 (A) Representative DIA histogram of a normal patient. DNA histograms showing cell distributions based on nuclear DNA content. 2C represents cells in the diploid range while 4C indicates tetraploid cells. Cells falling between 2C and 4C are considered to be aneuploid. (B) The brush cytology specimen demonstrates normal biliary epithelium sampled from the same patient as Figure 1A. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2004 2, 214-219DOI: (10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00006-0)

Figure 2 (A) DNA histogram displaying cells obtained from a patient with a malignant biliary tract stricture caused by primary cholangiocarcinoma. (B) Representative brush cytology specimen from same patient as in 2A showing malignant cells. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2004 2, 214-219DOI: (10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00006-0)

Figure 3 (A) DNA histogram displaying cells obtained from a patient with a malignant biliary tract stricture caused by pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (B) Representative brush cytology specimen from same patient as in 3A showing malignant cells. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2004 2, 214-219DOI: (10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00006-0)