Nephrotic syndrome is a prothrombotic state of variable magnitude.

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Nephrotic syndrome is a prothrombotic state of variable magnitude. Nephrotic syndrome is a prothrombotic state of variable magnitude. Marked decrease (↓↓) through normal (N) to marked increase (↑↑). Numbers in parentheses are molecular masses of proteins given in kilodaltons (45,47). *Thrombophilic genetic polymorphisms (Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin G20210A, MTHFR C677T) may increase thromboembolism risk, but have not been shown to occur with higher prevalence in NS with VTE; other thrombophilic polymorphisms have not yet been studied in NS (8,44,55). #APL has been inadequately studied in NS, but some thromboembolism patients are positive for APL (2,46). Plt, platelet; vWF, von Willebrand factor; AT, antithrombin; α2-AP, α2-antiplasmin; tPA, tissue-type plasminogen activator; α1-AT, α1-antitrypsin; PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); α2-M, α2-macroglobulin; APL, antiphospholipid antibodies; RBC, red blood cell. Bryce A. Kerlin et al. CJASN 2012;7:513-520 ©2012 by American Society of Nephrology