Biologically variable pulsation improves jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming W.Alan C Mutch, MD, R.Keith Warrian, MD, Gerald M Eschun,

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Biologically variable pulsation improves jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming W.Alan C Mutch, MD, R.Keith Warrian, MD, Gerald M Eschun, MD, Linda G Girling, BSc, Leonard Doiron, Mary S Cheang, Gerald R Lefevre, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 491-497 (February 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01077-2

Fig 1 Internal jugular venous O2 saturation (SjvO2) percent versus time. Blood was sampled every 5 minutes from the end of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) until rewarmed to baseline temperature then maintained at this temperature for 30 minutes. There are 8 experiments in each group. The thick dashed horizontal line shows where SjvO2 equals 50%. The mean area and cumulative mean area for SjvO2 less than 50% is markedly greater with conventional pulsatile (CP) bypass. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 491-497DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01077-2)

Fig 2 The arterial-jugular venous O2 content difference for both groups (mean ± standard error of the mean). CaO2-CjvO2 was significantly greater with conventional pulsatile (CP) bypass (group × time interaction; p = 0.0014; ∗significant differences between groups at time period shown). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 491-497DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01077-2)

Fig 3 Log-log plot of probability distribution versus systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variability used to program the computer-controlled biologically variable roller pump. A l/fd plot is obtained. (a = 2.41 ± 0.25). A similar plot for conventional pulsatile bypass (CP) is shown. (a = 1.98 ± 0.26). The probability of a given SAP variation is much greater with biologically variable pulsatile bypass (BVP). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 491-497DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01077-2)

Fig 4 A model of how increased systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variation could influence collapse of vessels with tone. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 491-497DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01077-2)