Effects of intramammary infection with E. coli or S Effects of intramammary infection with E. coli or S. aureus on circulating neutrophils and milk SCC. (A) Total differential neutrophil counts were determined in blood samples collected immediately prior to and at various times following intramammary infection. Effects of intramammary infection with E. coli or S. aureus on circulating neutrophils and milk SCC. (A) Total differential neutrophil counts were determined in blood samples collected immediately prior to and at various times following intramammary infection. Mean (± standard error) cell counts are shown. * and #, significantly decreased compared to time zero in cows challenged with E. coli or S. aureus, respectively (P < 0.05). (B) Milk SCC were quantified in milk samples collected from both infected and PBS-infused quarters throughout the study. Mean (± standard error) milk SCC are shown. * and #, significantly increased in E. coli- or S. aureus-infected quarters, respectively, relative to time zero (P < 0.05). Douglas D. Bannerman et al. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 2004; doi:10.1128/CDLI.11.3.463-472.2004