UNIT 2 – MATTER AND CHEMICAL CHANGE TOPIC 1 – EXPLORING MATTER Can I describe and apply different ways of classifying materials based on their composition and their properties (pure substances and mixtures)?

Chemistry is the: __________________ The properties (________________) between matter _____________________________________________(reactions)

What exists on Earth but is not matter? But what is matter? Matter is anything that: ______________ What exists on Earth but is not matter? __________

All chemicals need to be treated with care. Many chemical are CAUSTIC and will, ______________________________________. Ex. Acids, strong bases, and other chemicals easily break down skin and muscle and can cause permanent damage.

Classifying Matter Matter is most often described using the Particle Model of Matter _________________________________________________________. How tiny? In one drop of water there are 1 700 000 000 000 000 000 000 water particles in it! (that’s 17 with 20 zero’s behind it) 2.______________________________________ ___________________________. The particles of one type are all identical to each other and are different from other particles of other pure substance. Eg. All salt particles taste salty. All sugar particles taste sweet. All water particles at sea level have the same melting (0 0c) and boiling point (100 0c).

3. _________________________________ Objects with stronger attraction between their particles are solids. Objects that have weak attraction between particles are gases. 4.________________________________. Vibrating, rotating , bumping into each other. 5. As the temperature increases, ______________ __________________________If the temperature decreases, ____________________. Faster moving particles take up more space as they bump into each other causing the object to expand. As the temperature decreases, the particles get tighter together and the object contracts.

The particle model helps to explain the 3 states of matter: GAS LIQUID SOLID Attraction between the particles. Distance between the particles. Compressible? Shape

Matter can be further classified according to its________________________. Solid, Liquid, or Gas ________________________ Two or more types of particles ____ _____________________________ ________________________________________________ (values DO NOT change) Values of properties ____________ __________________________________________________________ Eg. Water (H2O) – _________ ________________________ Eg. Salt (NaCl) – always _____ Eg. Salt Water – boiling point _______________ depending on the amount of salt in the solution (the more salt,_____________________)

Mixtures can further be broken down: __________________ (Solutions) ______________________(Mechanical Mixtures) -particles are __________________ ____________________________________________(uniformly mixed) -have _________________________ ______________________________(can be seen) -_____________ (can be colored) and__________________________ -can be further classified as: ___________________ -light_________________________ Eg. __________

Heterogeneous Mixtures (Mechanical Mixtures) Ordinary Mech. Mix. Suspensions Colloids - _____________________ ______________________ -looks like one substance but ___________________ ______________________ -small particles of one substance suspended in another -parts_________________ WILL _____________ -CAN be _____________ and will scatter light Eg. Eg. Eg.

____________________ -light easily passes though ______________________ -light is scattered by the particles in the liquid

Colloids Emulsions -a _______________ _________________ Eg. Milk, jelly, and salad dressing PROBLEM: may quickly ________ ________________________________________________________