Muscle Jeopardy Yellow Green orange purple Blue 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 FINAL JEOPARDY

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A-100 Question: Muscle makes up about how much of the body’s mass? Answer: ½

A-200 Question: This connective tissue wraps up muscle fibers to form a fascicle: Answer: perimysium

A-300 QUESTION: This connective tissue wraps individual muscle cells: ANSWER: endomysium

A-400 QUESTION: The specialized plasma membrane of a muscle cell is called: ANSWER: Sarcolemma

A-500 QUESTION: Name four of the five properties of skeletal muscle. ANSWER: 1) most are attached by tendons to bone 2) Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue 3) cells are multi nucleated 4) it is striated 5) voluntary

B-100 QUESTION: This structure in the muscle cell stores calcium used for muscle contraction: QUESTION: sarcoplasmic reticulum

B-200 QUESTION: One contractile unit of a muscle fiber is called: ANSWER: sarcomere

B-300 QUESTION: This muscle structure is created by a bundle of myofilaments: ANSWER: myfibril

B-400 QUESTION: The ability of a skeletal muscle to receive and respond to a stimulus is called: ANSWER: Irratibility

B-500 Question: Name 4 of the 5 characteristics of smooth muscle. ANSWER: 1) Has no striations 2) Spindle-shaped cells 3) Single nucleus 4) Involuntary – no conscious control 5) Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs

C-100 Question: One neuron and all the Muscle cells stimulated by that neuron is called: Answer: a motor unit

C-200 QUESTION: The ability of a skeletal muscle to shorten when adequate stimulus is received: ANSWER: contractility

C-300 QUESTION: The area between a nerve and muscle cell filled with interstitial fluid: ANSWER: synaptic cleft

C-400 QUESTION: What is the name of the neurotransmitter used for skeletal muscle contraction? ANSWER: acetylcholine

C-500 QUESTION: Name 4 of the 5 characteristics of cardiac muscle ANSWER: 1) Has striations 2) Usually has a single nucleus 3) Intercalated Discs 4) Involuntary 5) Found only in the heart

D-100 QUESTION: Single, brief muscle contraction because of a lack of nerve stimulation is called: ANSWER: son of a “twitch”

D-200 QUESTION: During a muscle contraction, the initial energy used is ATP stored in the muscle. About how long will this last? ANSWER: 4 to 6 seconds

D-300 QUESTION: What is it called when there is no evidence of relaxation before the following contractions. The result is a smooth, prolonged, sustained muscle contraction ANSWER: fused or complete tetanus

D-400 QUESTION: During muscle contraction a graded response can be changed by which two things? ANSWER: The amount of muscle fibers stimulated and the frequency in which they are stimulated.

D-500 QUESTION: If you ran the 200 meter dash in 24 seconds, most of your energy would come from which system? ANSWER: creatine – phosphate or Direct phosphorylation

E-100 QUESTION: What is an isometric muscle contraction Answer: contraction of a muscle without shortening

E-200 QUESTION: If you rode a bike for one hour and 30 minutes straight , at a steady pace, which energy system would you be using the most? Answer: Aerobic respiration

E-300 QUESTION: If you do a weight workout and then run some sprints after, which energy system would you be using the most? Answer: anaerobic glycolosis

E-400 QUESTION: Explain what the origin and insertion are in dealing with muscle attachment to bones Answer: Origin – immoveable bone Insertion – moveable bone

E-500 QUESTION: Why is it important to incorporate both aerobic and anaerobic exercise into your life? Give 3 reasons why for both types of exercise. Answer: Results in stronger more flexible muscles with greater resistance to fatigue Changes are due to an increase in blood supply to muscles so muscle cells form more mitochondria to store more oxygen Important secondary benefits: 1) makes overall body metabolism more efficient 2) Improves digestion and elimination 3) enhances neuromuscular coordination 4) makes skeletal muscles stronger (to some extent) 5) Heart enlarges to pump more blood (more efficient) 6) Fat deposits are cleared from artery walls 7) lungs become more effiecient in gas exchange Weightlifting / Resistance Training Increases the size of the muscle; also increases the definition and tone of the muscles. Women don’t need to worry about getting “too bulky” Increases the strength of the muscle which can be a benefit in many jobs or daily routines. Increase in size and strength is due mainly to enlargement of the individual muscle cells; there is also an increase in the connective tissue around muscle and fibers.

FINAL JEOPARDY Topic – Sliding Filament Theory of muscle contraction! Question: Write out as much as you can remember about the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction. The group with the most words underlined (by me) will be the weiner