Insilico analysis of cellulolytic fungi and their improvement through protoplast fusion for waste management

Intoduction Waste is unusable materials discarded after primary use. India generate more than 1,00,000 metric tonnes of solid waste every day. One of the major causes of environmental pollution Environmental friendly waste management systems is required to minimise their harmful impact on ecosystem

Cellulose and cellulases Cellulose: Homo-polymer of glucose linked by β-1,4 linkage Cellulose: Homo-polymer of glucose linked by β-1,4 linkage Cellulases: It degrade Cellulosic waste Cellulases: It degrade Cellulosic waste Consist of three major enzymes: Consist of three major enzymes: Endo-glucanase, Endo-glucanase, Exoglucanase and Exoglucanase and Β-glucosidase. Β-glucosidase. These enzymes act in perfect synergism to break the cellulose. These enzymes act in perfect synergism to break the cellulose.

Industrial level enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is not efficient Industrial level enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is not efficient Because Microbes with complete cellulase machinery is not known Because Microbes with complete cellulase machinery is not known commercial cellulases of Trichoderma reseei contains endoglucanase (18%), exoglucanase (72%) and β- glucosidases (<1%). commercial cellulases of Trichoderma reseei contains endoglucanase (18%), exoglucanase (72%) and β- glucosidases (<1%). The β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger is generally used to complement the of T. reseei for its commercial use. The β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger is generally used to complement the of T. reseei for its commercial use. We have to develop microbes with complete cellulase system which could effectively be used in waste decay especially agricultural waste. We have to develop microbes with complete cellulase system which could effectively be used in waste decay especially agricultural waste.

Recognition of potential fungal strains by bioinformatics approaches. Utilize them to develop a fungal strains having complete set of cellulase. Protoplast fusion will be used to fuse to different microbial system to produce complete set of enzyme in one microbe. Analyze the expression pattern of both the glucanases and β-glucosidases gene in hybrids. Objective and aim

Methodology

Outcomes and Relevance to Society This work provides cheapest and less time-consuming method to develop new strains of fungi, capable to degrade and reutilize the cellulosic waste of society in an efficient manner Production of these fungal strains might be a major breakthrough to solve the waste management problems. The outcome of this project also help us to cope with food and fuel problem for the growing population.