Long-lived antibody-secreting cells in the bone marrow, induced by PfCelTOS vaccines containing various adjuvant formulations with emulsion doses of 0.02% to 2% (vol/vol) oil and detected 3 weeks after the 3rd immunization. Long-lived antibody-secreting cells in the bone marrow, induced by PfCelTOS vaccines containing various adjuvant formulations with emulsion doses of 0.02% to 2% (vol/vol) oil and detected 3 weeks after the 3rd immunization. Each group consisted of 5 mice, and error bars represent the standard deviations of the means. Additional statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) that were not plotted include the following: 0.02% or 0.1% GLA-SE versus SE group at the same emulsion concentration, Montanide versus 0.02% to 0.5% SE, and GLA-AF versus 0.02% SE. *, P < 0.05 versus CelTOS alone; §, P < 0.05 versus 2% SE. Christopher B. Fox et al. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 2012; doi:10.1128/CVI.00235-12