Origins and Historical Overview China – Origins and Historical Overview © Howard R. Spendelow Georgetown University 03 Sep 2019

“Pale Blue Dot”, Voyager 1, 14 Feb 1990, 37. billion miles from Earth

Photo credit: William Anders (Apollo 8), 24 December 1968 japan.geography 9/23/2019 Photo credit: William Anders (Apollo 8), 24 December 1968

http://anthro. palomar. edu/homo/images/map_of_erectus_sites http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo/images/map_of_erectus_sites.gif; http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GPUVXKIVanM/UaaaU1U1BFI/AAAAAAAAGZ0/deoSj2yXO3U/s1600/movius.gif extent of Homo Erectus

http://upload. wikimedia http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Humanevolutionchart.png/325px-Humanevolutionchart.png Human Family Tree

China’s topography

rainfall distribution

China-centered history

Timeline from Fairbank & Reischauer, East Asia: Tradition and Transformation (endpaper) title

examples of oracle-bone writing (jiaguwen 甲骨文)

oracle bones

Standing Figure from Sanxingdui, Sichuan

Bronze Age excavation sites

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/maps/01shang.jpg Shang period

Shang period cultural sites

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/maps/02zhou.jpg Zhou

http://www.chinaknowledge.org/History/Zhou/mapXizhou.JPG

http://www.chinaknowledge.org/History/Zhou/mapChunqiu.JPG title

Warring States, around the time of Confucius Shaughnessy, ed., China: Empire and Civilization, 2000, p. 27 Warring States, around the time of Confucius

http://www.chinaknowledge.org/History/Zhou/mapZhanguo.JPG Warring States 戰國

Qin 秦

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/maps/06han.jpg Han

Han and the Xiongnu, c. 135 BCE http://www.allempires.com/empires/xiongnu/xiongnu1.htm 05 Oct 2005 Han and the Xiongnu, c. 135 BCE 23

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/han/images/map.jpg Han and its boundaries

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/China_5.jpg Three Kingdoms, 262

http://upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Asia_565ad http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Asia_565ad.jpg/800px-Asia_565ad.jpg Eurasia, 565

East Asia during the Sui http://www.nationsonline.org/maps/chinese_dynasty_maps/Sui_Dynasty_Map.jpg East Asia during the Sui

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/maps/13tang.jpg Tang dynasty

Tang, Tibet, & Central Asia – c. 700 CE http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/tang/images/map.jpg Tang, Tibet, & Central Asia – c. 700 CE

http://sacu.org/pmap1.png 12 Oct 2005 early Tang empire

Silk Road – land and sea routes http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/activities/16/popup/map.jpg 12 Oct 2005 Silk Road – land and sea routes

http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/1xarsong.jpg title

China as part of the Mongol Empire, late 12th cent. CE http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/mongols/images/map.jpg China as part of the Mongol Empire, late 12th cent. CE

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/maps/mongols2map.jpg 22Jun2006 title

http://www.art-virtue.com/history/ming/Map_Ming.jpg Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

Dardess, John. Ming China, 1368-1644: A Concise History of a Resilient Empire, p. viii Ming period provinces

http://www. columbia. edu/itc/sipa/zelin/images/904_detail_map_ming http://www.columbia.edu/itc/sipa/zelin/images/904_detail_map_ming.jpg title

http://www.siu.edu/~dfll/Chinese/Zheng_He.jpg Zheng He’s voyages

Zheng He’s routes and final destinations http://www7.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0507/feature2/images/mp_download.2.pdf 20061204

Jan Adkins’ 1993 comparative sketch (China/Columbus’ Santa Maria) http://www.chinapage.com/chengh2v.gif Jan Adkins’ 1993 comparative sketch (China/Columbus’ Santa Maria)

http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Qing/mapQing.JPG Qing Dynasty

http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/ralph/ralimage/map21chi.jpg Qing Expansion

HRS photos, May/June 2015 Bling Dynasty

劇終 (the end)

Various sources; original in National Palace Museum, Taipei ”Qilin” by Shen Du, 1414

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