I understand the relative size and relationship between the solar system, galaxy, and universe.

Objects in the Universe ordered from largest to smallest Galaxy Solar System Smallest

everything that exists The Universe is…. everything that exists

Galaxies Galaxies are giant structures made of BILLIONS of stars There are hundreds of billions of galaxies in the universe.

Our solar system located in a galaxy called the Milky Way.

Solar systems are located around individual stars in a galaxy. Our solar system is located on the outer edge of a spiral galaxy called the Milky Way.

Solar Systems or Galaxies Which is smaller? UNIVERSE or Galaxies Solar Systems or Galaxies Stars or Solar Systems Galaxy or stars

What is a solar system? A region of space where the gravitational force of a star influences all other objects. In our solar system, the gravitational pull of the sun keeps the planets in orbit

Our solar system Our solar system is made up of one star and 8 planets, dwarf planets, comets, asteroids, and moons. Our star, the sun, is the largest object in the solar system. Our solar system started about 5billion years ago. We live on Earth. The third planet from the sun. Our solar system is in the Milkyway galaxy.

The Sun 93,000,000 miles away from Earth Rotates Has dark spots that are cooler areas called Sunspots Has solar Flares-Large amount of energy leaves the sun. has layers Different layers act different Sun is made of gas

A planet is…. an object that is a sphere Revolve around a star Large enough to have enough gravity to clear all objects out of it’s orbit Orbit is on the same plane as other planets in the solar system

The planets in our solar system

I can contrast inner and outer planets with respect to size, composition and distances between orbits.

Inner Planets vs. Outer Planets Closer to the sun Farther from the sun Small Large Rocky Gas Less mass More mass More Dense (More mass within a given space) Less Dense (Less mass within a given space) Close to each other Far from each other Hotter temperatures Colder temperature Shorter Year Longer Year Shorter revolution Longer revolution I can contrast inner and outer planets with respect to their size, composition and distances between orbits.

On a piece of paper, sort the following characteristics into 2 groups On a piece of paper, sort the following characteristics into 2 groups. 1: inner planets 2: Outer planets Small Closer to the sun Longer year Hotter temperatures large Farther from the sun Shorter year Cooler temperatures Made of gas More gravitational pull Longer revolution More dense Made of rock Less gravitational pull Shorter revolution Less dense Place 2 colmun notes

Day, Month, Year Days, months and years are different for each planet in the solar system. Day The time it takes for a planet to rotate (spin) once on it’s axis. Ex. Earth takes about 24hours to rotate one time on it’s axis Month The time it takes for a moon to revolve one time around a planet. Ex. The moon revolves around the Earth once every 28 days. Year The time it takes for a planet to revolve once around the sun. Ex. The Earth revolves around the sun once every year. An earth year is 365.25 days.

Key Vocabulary orbit, revolution and rotation (Revolve) When one object goes around another object. Ex. Planets revolves around the sun Ex. The moon revolves around the earth Rotation (Rotate) Spinning on an axis Ex. The Earth spins on it’s axis Ex. The moon spins on it’s axis once every 28 days. Orbit The path an object takes as it revolves around another object Ex. Planets orbit the sun in an elliptical path.

I can describe how the force of gravity maintains orbits within a solar system.

What keeps the planets in orbit around the sun? Gravity is the attractive force between 2 objects. The force of gravity is dependent on the size of the objects & the distance between the 2 objects. Size: Larger objects with more mass have more gravitational pull Ex. Since the sun is the largest object in the solar system, it and has the most gravity of any object in the solar system. All objects in the solar system are trapped in the suns gravitational pull. Distance: Objects farther away from each other have less gravitational pull. Ex. The moon and the Earth are pulling on each other. However, the Earth is larger and has a greater gravitational pull, so the moon is trapped in Earth’s gravitational pull. However, the moon doesn’t crash into Earth, because it’s pulling on the Earth in the opposite direction. We see evidence of this as tides.

Gravity in action: Ex. The moon and the Earth are pulling on each other. However, the Earth is larger and has a greater gravitational pull, so the moon is trapped in Earth’s gravitational pull. However, the moon doesn’t crash into Earth, because it’s pulling on the Earth in the opposite direction creating a balance of gravitational force. We see evidence of this as tides.

Effects of GRAVITY is observed throughout the universe!!!! Formation of all objects in space-planets, moons, stars, galaxies Keeps the planets in orbit around the sun Keeps the moons in orbit around the planets Causes the tides on Earth Causes the same mass to have different weights on different planets.