P. aeruginosa PIV and S. pneumoniae producing pneumolysin induce massive neutrophil recruitment and lung damage during active murine pneumonia. P. aeruginosa.

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P. aeruginosa PIV and S. pneumoniae producing pneumolysin induce massive neutrophil recruitment and lung damage during active murine pneumonia. P. aeruginosa PIV and S. pneumoniae producing pneumolysin induce massive neutrophil recruitment and lung damage during active murine pneumonia. Histological analysis of murine lung sections at magnifications of ×4 (left) and ×40 (right). Data are representative of two biological replicates of mice inoculated with PBS (panels 1 and 2), S. pneumoniae EF3030 and PIV (panels 3 and 4), EF3030 and heat-inactivated PIV (PIVIN; panels 5 and 6), and JLB12 (EF3030 Δply) and PIV (panels 7 and 8). EF3030 and PIV combined inoculation resulted in severe, diffuse pneumonia (panels 3 and 4) compared to restricted, focal pneumonia during JLB12 infection (panels 7 and 8). Preserved airspaces and healthy tissues were observed in the inactivated PIV (panels 5 and 6)- and PBS (panels 1 and 2)-treated mice. Arrows indicate areas of acute inflammatory cells within the lung parenchyma, with the largest abscess formation seen within panel 4. Jessica L. Bradshaw et al. mSphere 2018; doi:10.1128/mSphere.00212-18