Models showing the effects of BRCA1 PARsylation on genome integrity control after DNA damage. Models showing the effects of BRCA1 PARsylation on genome.

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Models showing the effects of BRCA1 PARsylation on genome integrity control after DNA damage. Models showing the effects of BRCA1 PARsylation on genome integrity control after DNA damage. A, a schematic diagram showing the development of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ)–dependent or HRR-dependent chromosome damage and rearrangements in cells depleted of BRCA1 or in cells expressing either wild-type BRCA1 (BRCA1-WT) or non-PARsylatable BRCA1 (BRCA1-D5), respectively. B, a schematic diagram showing the role of timely PARP1-driven BRCA1 PARsylation in HRR tuning and genome integrity control. i, BRCA1 normally promotes HRR by interacting with damaged DNA and recombination intermediates. Normal HRR suppresses the development of radial structures and fusions/bridges. ii, PARP1-driven BRCA1 PARsylation releases BRCA1 from DNA by targeting its DNA binding domain (DBD). ABRA1 interacts with BRCA1–BRCT domain, and RAP80 binds to polyubiquitin chains (pUb) formed at or near the site of DNA damage (indicated by a circle with “?” because the nature of the chromatin structure involved remains unclear). The sequence of these events is unknown, and it is possible that they occur concurrently. iii, RAP80 interacts with PARsylated BRCA1 through its PID and also through its interaction with ABRA1. iv, PAR is removed after the formation of stable RAP80–ABRA1–BRCA1 complexes. The successful completion of these steps ensures proper HRR amplitude control (i.e., tuning) and prevents the development of radial structures and complex chromosome rearrangements. Yiduo Hu et al. Cancer Discovery 2014;4:1430-1447 ©2014 by American Association for Cancer Research