Emergency Response on FPSO Major Accident Events & Emergency Response on FPSO to prevent disasters like Piper Alpha (Preparedness, Response, Recovery and Mitigation)

About FPSO Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit is a huge dominant floating production system for offshore oil and gas fields. FPSOs are effective development solutions for both deep-water and ultradeep-water fields and their main advantage is the agility and ability to process and store the hydrocarbons.

About FPSO

Extreme Weather Cyclone MAE’s & ER on FPSO MAE Helicopter Crash Fire Explosion Gas Release Extreme Weather Cyclone H2S Release Oil Spill

MAE’s Fire within Accommodation Space Loss of containment from Production Separation/ Stabilization System Loss of containment from Gas Compression System Loss of containment from Gas Dehydration System Loss of containment from Fuel Gas System Loss of containment from Flare System Loss of containment from Chemical Injection & Helifuel System Loss of containment from Hydrocarbon Release from Cargo Handling System Loss of containment from Turret System Loss of containment from Riser and Subsea Pipeline Fire and explosion from Cargo Tanks Fire within Accommodation Space Fire and explosion in Engine Room Fire and explosion in E-House Ship collision Helicopter crash on Helideck Loss of topside structural integrity Dropped object/ uncontrolled swing load Loss of FPSO stability Occupational accidents Personnel transfer failure (vessel to vessel) Dropped Fast Rescue Craft

MAE’s Loss of containment (un-ignited) - Environmental Oil Pollution Loss of containment (ignited) - Fire & Explosion Fatality(ies) Helicopter crash Structural failure / loss of buoyancy Extreme weather / natural disasters Piracy / bomb threat / terrorist activity / Cyber attack

MAE’s & RISKS Potentially hazardous processes and operations are identified during the Project Phase, in order to, as far as possible; eliminate these hazards during the engineering process. Where residual risk remains, “barriers” are provided for the prevention, detection, mitigation and control of Major Accident Events (MAEs). What are these barriers

Why barriers? THREAT (e.g. corrosion) INCIDENT (e.g. gas release) CONSEQUENCE (e.g. fire) Barriers prevent an incident occurring or stop it getting worse

What is a barrier? Barriers can be categorised as plant, process or people. plant, process, people plant, process, people THREAT (e.g. corrosion) PREVENTATIVE BARRIERS INCIDENT (e.g. gas release) MITAGATIVE BARRIERS CONSEQUENCE (e.g. fire)

Types of Barriers Plant Process People Barriers can be grouped into 3 categories: plant, process and people. Plant Safety equipment and systems designed into our plant Process The way we work People The right people, with the right behaviours, who are trained and competent for the role

Types of Barriers Plant Safety equipment and systems designed into our plant Think of examples of plant barriers Process pipework Deluge Xmas Tree Lifeboats Temporary Refuge Primary Structure ESDVs PSVs Process Instrumentation Water-tight door Flare Sprinkler system

Types of Barriers Process The way we work Think of examples of process barriers Permit to work Operating procedures Maintenance procedures Management of change Isolation standards Site induction Toolbox talk Control of Work

Types of Barriers People The right people, with the right behaviours trained and competent for the role Think of examples of people barriers Training Skills (up-to-date) Right behaviours Effective communication Knowledge Education

Safety & Environmental Critical Elements (SECEs) A SECE is a barrier which is a piece of safety equipment or a system which prevents a Major Accident happening or stops one getting worse. Why do you think these are regarded as Safety Critical? TR Door Deck Drain Helideck Deluge system F&G detector Emergency lights HVAC system PA systems Escape routes Xmas tree

Preventative barriers Barriers models: Simplified Bowtie model Preventative barriers Mitigative barriers Hazard Event Threats Consequences Plant Plant Process Process People People

Barriers models: Swiss Cheese model plant, process, people plant, process, people PREVENTATIVE BARRIERS INCIDENT (GAS RELEASE) MITAGATIVE BARRIERS THREAT CONSEQUENCE

Defeating Barriers Over-ridden (purposefully or accidentally) Broken Sometimes barriers are ‘defeated’ Over-ridden (purposefully or accidentally) Broken Degraded Impaired Missing Not fit for purpose / badly designed Obstructed

Prevention, Response, Recovery & Mitigation

Prevention, Response, Recovery & Mitigation

Prevention, Response, Recovery & Mitigation

Emergency Preparedness The Facility’s emergency preparedness arrangements provide and establish: • An organizational structure capable of handling major incident events effectively; • Emergency Response Plan (ERP) in respect of the identified MIEs • Arrangements with respect to emergency training & drills; • A means for partial or full evacuation; and • A communication structure for the provision of external assistance, support and reporting.

Emergency Response Facility Emergency Response Plan Country Emergency Response Plan ONGC Regional Contingency Plan Medical Emergency Response Plan Ship Oil Pollution Emergency Response Plan ONGC OSCP

Tiered Emergency Response System TIER 1 (Facility) Facility Emergency Command Team (FECT) TIER 2 (Country) Country Emergency Response Team (CERT) TIER 3 (GLOBAL) Global Emergency Response Team (GERT)

Restoration

We have to move from tradition of Response to a culture of prevention, a culture of resilience.

Thank You