Fig. 2 The outcome of plant-pathogen interaction is associated with the initial soil microbiome composition and functioning. The outcome of plant-pathogen.

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Fig. 2 The outcome of plant-pathogen interaction is associated with the initial soil microbiome composition and functioning. The outcome of plant-pathogen interaction is associated with the initial soil microbiome composition and functioning. (A) The population dynamics of R. solanacearum bacterial pathogen in the rhizosphere of healthy and diseased plants. (B) The initial soil microbiomes associated with healthy and diseased plants were clearly distinct (F1,22 = 2.3, P < 0.001, AMOVA on unweighted UniFrac); the percentage of explained variation is shown on the x and y axes. (C) Differences in the abundances of rare discriminating OTUs (linear discriminant analysis score ≥ 2, fold change ≥ 2, and significance test P < 0.05) in the initial soils (week 0) that later became associated with healthy and diseased plants. P values were calculated using Student’s t test (P < 0.05), and significantly associated phyla are highlighted in bold. (D) Co-occurrence networks of initial microbiomes that later became associated with healthy (left) and diseased plants (right). (E) Potential “driver taxa” behind pathogen suppression based on bacterial network analysis of initial microbiomes that later became associated with healthy and diseased plants. Node sizes are proportional to their scaled NESH (neighbor shift) score (a score identifying important microbial taxa of microbial association networks), and a node is colored red if its betweenness increases when comparing soil microbiomes associated with diseased to healthy plants. As a result, large red nodes denote particularly important driver taxa behind pathogen suppression, and these taxa names are shown in bold. Line colors indicate node (taxa) connections as follows: association present only in healthy plant microbiomes (red edges), association present only in diseased plant microbiomes (green edges), and association present in both healthy and diseased plant microbiomes (blue edges). (F) Distinct functional gene profiles associated with the initial microbiomes of future healthy and diseased plants. (G) The abundance of representative genes related to secondary metabolism synthesis in the initial soil microbiomes of future healthy and diseased plants. (H) The percentage of R. solanacearum pathogen-suppressing Bacillus and Pseudomonas bacteria isolated from the initial soil microbiomes of healthy and diseased plants (pairwise t test, mean ± SD, n = 3; N.S., nonsignificant; *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001). Zhong Wei et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaaw0759 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).