Issues in Mechanical Diagnostics of Jet Engines

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Presentation transcript:

Issues in Mechanical Diagnostics of Jet Engines Dr. Renata Klein R.K. Diagnostics 14th Israeli Symposium on Jet Engines and Gas Turbines November 5, 2015

Agenda Health monitoring systems Diagnostic stages Jet Engines Diagnostics Example 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

End users Data base Maintenance Diagnostic Center 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Jet Engines Monitoring Main engine shafts (unbalance) Bearings Ball/ roller bearing Intershaft bearing Gear & Accessory gearbox Rotors/ Blades Cracks & deformations Detection of events Stall, FOD, Rubbing, Flutter Performance Fuel & Oil systems Sensors Vibro-acoustic signatures Rotating machinery diagnostics 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

PHYSICAL & STATISTICAL MODELS Diagnostic Stages SIGNAL PROCESSING FEATURE EXTRACTION & TREND ANALYSIS HEALTH CLASSIFICATION FUSION PHYSICAL & STATISTICAL MODELS Components Time Raw Data Failure modes Time Data Selection Time Indicators Scores Orders RPM 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Jet Engine Signals Problems Solutions Non-stationarity Asynchronous shafts Aerodynamic “noise” Quasi-stationary segments Time-Frequency  Speed-Order Angular resampling Separate angular resampling per asynchronous shaft (LP, HP) Separation of signals classes Dephase Whitening 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

TFR  SFR Time-Frequency N2-Frequency 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Order  Dephased Order N2-Order N2-Dephased Order 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Dephased Order  Envelope Order N2-Dephased Order N2-Envelope Order 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

SFR  Envelope Order N2-Frequency N2-Envelope Order 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Intershaft Bearing SFR  Dephased Order N2-Frequency N2-Dephased Order (N2-N1) 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Questions? 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Rotating Machinery Signals 𝑦 𝑡 =𝑥 𝑡 ∗ℎ 𝑡 𝑌 𝑓 =𝑋(𝑓)∙𝐻(𝑓) Synchronous signals – shafts, gears, blades Transmission path Asynchronous signals – bearings (slippage) The signal processing task is to separate between the 3 types of signals 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics

Operating modes Detection of operating modes of the machine The algorithm allows definition of fuzzy rules combining conditions on a configurable number of time series Estimation of data quality: closeness to pre-defined operating modes for monitoring 5/11/2015 Jet Engine Diagnostics