Kingdoms and states of medieval Africa – Kingdoms and states of Africa What do You Recall? What was a major export and import for Ghana? Gold Salt What were camels referred to as? Important members of the fleet of the desert Who established Mali? Sundiata Keita

Kingdoms and states of medieval Africa – Kingdoms and states of Africa What do You Recall? What new technique in metals did the Bantu spread? Iron Smelting Additionally, the Bantu also spread? Knowledge in high-yield crops (Bananas and Yams) What is Subsistence Farming? Only raising enough for personal use

Kingdoms and states of medieval Africa – Kingdoms and states of Africa What do You Recall? What was the language in Kilwa, Mombasa and Mogadishu? Swahili What is a group of independent villages organized by clans and lead by a local ruler or clan head? A stateless society What material was the Great Mosque of Kilwa made of? Coral

Islam and the Arab empire – Islamic civilization What do You Recall? What is a bazaar? Covered market Considered a crucial part of every Muslim city/town What Arab practice do Muslim women conform to? Covering virtually all their bodies

Islam and the Arab empire – Islamic civilization What do You Recall? Muslim philosopher who wrote a commentary on virtually all of Aristotle’s surviving works Ibn-Rushd prominent Muslim historian who believed civilizations go through regular cycles of birth, growth, and decay Ibn-Khaldun

Islam and the Arab empire – Islamic civilization What do You Recall? Muslim philosopher who showed how disease could be spread by contaminated water. Ibn-Sina What is the Astrolabe? An instrument perfected by Arab scientist to help sailors determine where they were

Islam and the Arab empire – Islamic civilization What do You Recall? What is arabesque? Repeating geometric patterns

Islam and the Arab empire – Arab Empire and the Caliphates What do You Recall? Captured Baghdad in 1055 and took over the eastern provinces of the Abbasid Empire Seljuk Turks under rule by these caliphs, many Arabs began to intermarry with conquered peoples Abbasids

Islam and the Arab empire – Arab Empire and the Caliphates What do You Recall? Caliph whose leadership allowed Arabs to take control of the Byzantine province of Syria in Southwest Asia Abū Bakr Abū Bakr unified the Muslim world by suppressing political and religious uprisings

Islam and the Arab empire – the first Muslims What do You Recall? The acts of worship practiced by Muslims Five Pillars of Islam The cold of law that regulates all aspects of Muslim life Shari’ah A divine truth revealed to Muhammad Revelation The journey of Muhammad and his followers to Medina Hijrah

Islam and the Arab empire – the first Muslims What do you Recall? The god of Islam Allah According to Islamic teaching, Muhammad received messages from Gabriel Islamic religion was created as a direct result of the revelations received by Muhammad.