Macroscopic study in an adult spine.

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From: A New Technique to Assist Epidural Needle Placement:Fiberoptic-guided Insertion Using Two Wavelengths Anesthes. 2010;112(5): doi: /ALN.0b013e3181d3d958.

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Hypoplasia at L5, method of measurement.

Lateral skull radiograph performed in our patient at age 4 years shows cystoperitoneal shunt connected to a VP shunt via a Y connector (dashed arrow, reservoir.

Corresponding midsagittal CT (left), MR (middle), and registered (right) images of the cervical spine show proper alignment and the relationship between.

Intrathecal injection is confirmed by visualization of contrast material within the thecal sac, giving a contrast medium–fluid level, while only a small.

A 21-year-old man with recurrent left S1 sciatica and radiculopathy by electromyography. A 21-year-old man with recurrent left S1 sciatica and radiculopathy.

A 50-year-old man with MD. Axial thin-section CT image shows decreased distance between the vertical limb of the posterior semicircular canal and the posterior.

A and B, Sagittal (A) and axial (B) fast spin-echo images of the cervical spine before treatment demonstrate diffuse increase in signal intensity (arrows)

A and B, The superior sagittal sinus (straight arrow), straight sinus (arrowhead), and vein of Galen (curved arrow) are clearly depicted, and were seen.

A, Sagittal T2WI MR image demonstrates a focal dorsal indentation (arrow) in the thoracic spinal cord. A, Sagittal T2WI MR image demonstrates a focal dorsal.

A, T2WI MR image demonstrates a focal dorsal indentation in the upper thoracic spinal cord (arrow). A, T2WI MR image demonstrates a focal dorsal indentation.

A case with near-occlusion with full collapse, reprinted with permission from Fox et al.1 Lateral common carotid angiogram shows the thin, threadlike,

A, Measurement of the angle between the TS-OP line and the hard palate in the lateral scout view of the brain CT (black arrow). A, Measurement of the angle.

Right ECA angiogram in the lateral view shows the petrous branch of the MMA (black arrows) and the stylomastoid branch (white arrows) arising from the.

A 33-year-old woman with spinal CSF leak syndrome and multiple CSF leaks in the bilateral thoracic and lumbar spine. A 33-year-old woman with spinal CSF.

A, Sagittal T2-weighted cervicothoracic spine MR image from a patient with intracranial hypotension shows a ventral extradural collection from C6 to T2.

Case 2, an 82-year-old man. Case 2, an 82-year-old man. MR images of the cervical spine, obtained 4 hours after a fall, reveal a large SEH in the dorsal.

Images obtained in an 86-year-old man with scoliosis and spinal stenosis.A, In patients such as this one, contrast medium may appear to be within the thecal.

Workstation measurement of thoracic spine Cobb angle

Same patient as shown in figure 3.

AP (A) and lateral (B) radiographs demonstrating a discontinuous segment of the catheter, with broken catheter ends in the subcutaneous tissue of the lower.

A–C, Anteroposterior (A), oblique (B), and lateral (C) radiographs after thoracic interlaminar epidural injection of contrast material reveal opacification.

Normal apical ligament (arrow) and normal anterior atlantoaxial ligament (arrowhead) in the diagram (A) and the midsagittal T2-weighted MR image (B) in.

Venous infarction in a patient with epidural and paraspinal abscesses.

A, Sagittal view through the brain stem and cervical spinal cord shows the extent of T2 hyperintensities involving the pyramidal tract and posterior columns.

A and B, Venous phase of a conventional intra-arterial catheter angiogram clearly shows flow within the nondominant transverse sinus (A, arrow), whereas.

Coronal MIP images of the thoracolumbar spine region acquired before (left) and after (right) administration of liposomal-Gd. Coronal MIP images of the.

A1 and A2, Sagittal (A1) and axial (A2) T2-weighted MR images from a patient with SS show a cervicothoracic epidural fluid-filled collection (white arrows)

Infraconal spinal cord AVM (case 1)

Myelogram in a 30-year-old man with radicular pain.

3D TOF MR angiograms.A, Angiogram of the circle of Willis with the complete anterior configuration shows the AcoA (arrow).B, Angiogram of the circle of.

Axial CT image through L5/S1 (3-mm section, 100 KVp, 50 mA).

Axial T2-weighted MR imaging at the level of the internal auditory canals, demonstrating a large, homogeneous mass filling the right internal auditory.

Case 1, a 69-year-old woman. Case 1, a 69-year-old woman. MR images of the thoracolumbar spine, obtained 10 hours after sudden-onset severe back pain,

Radiographic images in cadaver 1 obtained with fluoroscopic guidance

Four more examples of missed additional aneurysms on DSA

A 7-day old neonate, the older sister of patient 1, also presented with neonatal encephalopathy.Axial fast spin-echo T2-weighted image (130/4200/1[TE/TR/NEX])

Case 10: 2-month-old girl with SSD and associated questionable coccygeal agenesis. Case 10: 2-month-old girl with SSD and associated questionable coccygeal.

Posterior fossa SDH in a neonate delivered via SVD

Coronal gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted image (TR/TE/NEX, 500/15/2) illustrates the common appearance of V2 (arrows) within the foramen rotundum as central.

A patient with prior fusion instrumentation from L2 to the sacrum who underwent 2-level transforaminal lumbar intervertebral fusion at L3–L4 and L4–L5.

A, Sagittal fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-weighted image of the cervical and upper thoracic spine shows a mass of very low signal intensity (arrows) within the.

Contrast enhancement of an annular tear at initial and follow-up imaging.A, Annular tear shows contrast enhancement. Contrast enhancement of an annular.

Coronal postcontrast T1-weighted image of the orbits in patient 1 demonstrates a heterogeneously enhancing ovoid lesion involving the right medial rectus.

Temporal bone CT in the Pöschl (A) and Stenvers (B) planes demonstrating a large defect (arrows) in the roof of the right superior semicircular canal.

Sagittal noncontrast T1WI MR imaging of the cervical, thoracic, and upper lumbar spine demonstrates a circumferential high signal intensity (arrows) in.

Case 3. Case 3. MR imaging taken 73 days after vertebroplasty (A–D) and conventional radiographs of lumbar spine (E and F) taken 86 days after vertebroplasty.

Placement of the guidewire under fluoroscopic guidance

Sagittal reconstruction of a CT scan of a 6-year-old boy (patient 3) after a fall (GCS = 15) demonstrates an REH (thick white arrow), which causes mild.

Sagittal T1-weighted MR image of the pituitary gland in a term neonate (born at gestational week 38) obtained near term (corrected age of 39 weeks; 7 days.

Sagittal T1-weighted MR image of the pituitary gland in a preterm neonate (born at gestational week 28) obtained near term (corrected age of 39 weeks;

Sagittal MR images of the lumbar spine reveal the heterogeneous appearance of the mass indicative of a variety of components. Sagittal MR images of the.

Type 1 CSF leak (SLEC-P). Type 1 CSF leak (SLEC-P). A, Schematic drawing shows the relationship of the intervertebral disc spur and a ventral dural tear.

MR images of the brain (axial sections, fluid-attenuated reversion recovery sequences) show the symmetric hyperintensities (arrows) involving the pyramidal.

Magnified view of the axial images of the cervical spine at a comparable level (CT scan, left; MR image, center; registered image, right). Magnified view.

Scatter and box plot of midpoint measurement compared with age of subject. Scatter and box plot of midpoint measurement compared with age of subject. The.

Axial T2-weighted image (A) demonstrates focal cortical dysplasia (arrow) centered in the left anterior temporal lobe in a right-handed patient. Axial.

A, 1998–2008 utilization rates for head CT, spine CT, head MR, and spine MR for radiologist equipment owners/lessees in the private office setting. A,

The “white gray sign.” Axial high-resolution 3D inversion recovery fast-spoiled gradient-echo T1-weighted image demonstrates decreased gray-white contrast.

MR images in a 69-year-old woman with cervical and thoracic back pain.

Type 1 CSF leak (SLEC-P). Type 1 CSF leak (SLEC-P). A, Schematic drawing shows the relationship of the intervertebral disc spur and a ventral dural tear.

A, Sagittal fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-weighted image shows a hypointense mass (arrowheads) in the anterior aspect of the spinal canal that extends from C3.

Change in the RDQ disability score (A) and leg pain NRS (B) at 3 weeks is presented as a function of minimum thecal sac cross-sectional area subdivided.

T1-weighted sagittal MR imaging of the sacrum demonstrates fracture-related edema in the S2 sacral body. T1-weighted sagittal MR imaging of the sacrum.

An 11-year-old girl with positive genetic testing and other connective tissue manifestations demonstrates spine instability at both C1 and C2 (note atlantoaxial.

Abnormal pedicle marrow signal in a malignant VCF

Adult patient, BMI 49, with bowel incarceration requiring an operation, now with altered mental status. Adult patient, BMI 49, with bowel incarceration.

HRCT scan, coronal view. HRCT scan, coronal view. A, Pars flaccida cholesteatoma (arrow) filling the Prussak space. Notice the erosion of the scutum (dashed.

A 73-year-old woman with well-differentiated SCCA of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct. A 73-year-old woman with well-differentiated SCCA of the lacrimal.

Subject 4. Subject 4. Axial CT scan at the level of the common crus (black arrow) shows a large bone defect caused by presumed AG (white arrow), located.

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Macroscopic study in an adult spine. Macroscopic study in an adult spine. Transverse sections of the lumbar spinal canal show different locations of the meningovertebral ligaments in the posterior epidural space. A, Paramedian (arrow) and median (arrowhead) locations of meningovertebral ligaments. The thecal sac (S) is collapsed by drawing the dura mater forward with a thread. B and C, Paramedian (arrow) and lateral (arrowheads) locations of meningovertebral ligaments. The thecal sac (S) is collapsed centrally. Caroline Geers et al. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003;24:1276-1282 ©2003 by American Society of Neuroradiology