6Y 3-10-2015 Objectives: Describe early Islamic Empires. Agenda: Do Now: Create the table on page 367 #4 in your notes. Leave a lot of space for each box. We will fill it in as we read today. Read Chapter 12 Section 3. Take notes and discuss. 3. Extra Credit Homework: page 367 #1-3 all. A + answers.

Ottomans Safavids Mughals Leaders Mehmed II (1432-1481) (“The Conqueror”) conquered Constantinopole  Istanbul Suleyman (1520-1566) (“The Magnificent”) pushed further into Europe Location North Africa, Arabia, Eastern Europe (territories from the Byzantine Empire) Religious Policy They converted slaves into Muslims and used them as soldiers

After Muhammad Abu Bakr (one of Muhammad’s first converts) was the first caliph (successor – highest leader of Islam). Rule according to the Qur’an. Caliphs were NOT religious leaders. They only led politically, but their rules had to be from the Qur’an. Abu Bakr united Arabia through battles. All of Arabia became Muslim. He died in 634. The Muslim armies were strong and defeated the Byzantine empire (Christians) and the Persian empire. They converted conquered peoples, unless they were Jews or Christians. Non-Muslims had limited rights. Could not build churches or dress like Muslims. Growth of the Empire The Umayyad caliphs took over lands in central Asia and Northern India. Mediterranean and North Africa. They gained control of the trade in the Mediterranean. A new Islamic dynasty (rulers from the same family), the Abbasids, came to power in 749. One place where they were not successful was in the French city of Tours. They were stopped by a Christian army.

Trade and Islam Spread through Asia and Africa. Many African leaders converted. African Muslim customs were combined in certain societies. The Chinese taught Muslims how to make paper and use gunpowder. Muslims grew wealthy from trade: they wanted new crops and products and slaves. Islam also spread to Asian countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Through trade, Muslim culture became more diverse. However, the Arabic language and Islam as a religion unified the Muslim world. Muslim cities grew and became wealthy. Baghdad, Iraq and Cordoba, Spain became two of the largest and wealthiest Muslim cities.