The Planting of English America 1500-1733 Pageant Chapter 2

1a. England’s Imperial Stirrings The Spanish were at Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1610 The French were in Quebec, Canada in 1608 The English were in Jamestown, VA in 1607

Europe In North America

1a. England’s Imperial Stirrings Queen Elizabeth I – one of England’s greatest rulers – 1558 - 1603 Competing with Spain for world domination Dispatches explorers to set up colonies Francis Drake – a “pirate” who seized and robbed Spanish treasure ships. Sir Walter Raleigh – tries to set up a colony in Roanoke (North Carolina) but fails in 1585 After winning a war against Spain and defeating the Spanish Armada in 1588, England is the supreme world power It restarts its mission to build colonies.

Queen Elizabeth I of England 1558 - 1603

Roanoke – The Failed Colony 1585

Great Britain in Europe

1b. The Essential Preconditions for English Colonization 1) England’s victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588 ensured it’s naval dominance of the world. 2) Population growth 3) Unemployment and a thirst for adventure, money, and religious freedom 4) Joint stock companies

2a., 2b. Virginia Joint Stock Company – a company formed by investors who pool their money together to make a profit. JSCs were formed to make profits for the investors The VA Company Charter – A very important document in US History because it extended English rights to the overseas settlers.

The Virginia Company

2c. Virginia Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1644) The Powhatan try one last time to dislodge the Virginians but failed A treaty was drawn up in 1646, banishing the Powhatan from their lands and removed them from white areas of settlement The result of the Second Anglo-Powhatan War was the reservation system for Native Americans.

2d. Virginia Positive effects of European arrival: Horses and firearms introduced to Native population Many migrated to the Great Plains and became successful nomadic hunters

Native American Migration to the Great Plains

2d. Virginia Negative effects of European arrival: Diseases extinguished entire cultures European trade often led to competition and infighting among the Natives

2e. Virginia Negative consequences of Virginia’s reliance on tobacco Ruined soil due to overplanting Virginia’s well-being was dependent on whether the price was up or down and it demanded labor constantly

Tobacco Farming

Virginia, 2f. The House of Burgesses, 1619 IMPORTANT – allowed limited self government in Virginia These “mini-parliaments” eventually would begin to see themselves and independent and separate from the British government.

The House of Burgesses (Re-enacted)

3a. Maryland and the Southern Colonies 1) A Catholic settlement; founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634 2) Allowed freedom of worship, but only to those who accepted the divinity of Jesus

Maryland

3b. Maryland and the Southern Colonies Sugar producing plantations worked by African Americans were started in the Carolina colonies in 1670 Slaves actually outnumbered their captors 4 to 1

Sugar Plantation

3c. Maryland and the Southern Colonies 1) Slaves had no legal rights under their masters 2) A feeling of racial and civil superiority was used to justify enslaving Africans

3d. Maryland and the Southern Colonies Georgia – 1733; founded as a “buffer colony” to protect the English colonies from Spain in Florida

The Southern Colonies

3e. Maryland and the Southern Colonies 1) They exported commercial agricultural products, notably rice and tobacco 2) With the exception of North Carolina, all the southern colonies had a strong aristocratic atmosphere 3) The Church of England was the most prominent faith