Inflammation caused by microbes.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Innate Immunity Signaling in Plants

Advertisements

University of California San Francisco

University of California San Francisco

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Modulation of Gene Expression via Disruption Of NF-kB Signaling by a

Some general features of immune responses. A

The Mycobiome: Influencing IBD Severity

Innate microbial sensors and their relevance to allergy

Agustín Albillos, Margaret Lario, Melchor Álvarez-Mon

The Mycobiome: Influencing IBD Severity

Non-antibiotic strategies for sepsis

Tracings of concurrent oesophageal manometry, pH, and impedance.

Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S typhimurium) TML invades human terminal ileal epithelial tissue. Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S.

Immunity to Infectious Diseases

Chart 3: Working example of oxygen section for hospital prescription charts (two panels are required on the prescription chart because oxygen may change.

Lifecycle of the urinary catheter

Sedentary time was higher in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than healthy controls with fewer sedentary to active transitions (data reported.

A, B, C, D show outcome results for individual symptoms using GSRS-IBS scoring system and mean symptom severity scores before and after IBS dietetic management.

Scores of 64 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients (top figure).

Individual patients’ FCP (μg/g) values (n=119).

Masashi Maeda et al. Heart Asia 2013;5:7-14

Preprocedure patient ranking of aspects of their care important for obtaining satisfaction with their colonoscopy experience (1=high, 15=low for importance)

Integration of prognostic screening tool and development of supportive care intervention using rapid-cycle ‘Plan-Do-Study-Act’ (PDSA) methodology. Integration.

Respondent suggestions as to how best to protocol case selection for the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) multidisciplinary team (MDT)—application of an.

Comparison of the delay from referral to endoscopy for subjects with confirmed iron deficiency anaemia, before and after introduction of the Poole iron.

Microbiota and Autoimmunity: Exploring New Avenues

ROC plots of the association of this score, the Rockall Score and the Blatchford Score with RET (a), death (b), and the combined Blatchford outcome (c)

Time course of inflammation, tissue damage and resolution of pneumonia: potential adjuvant therapies. Time course of inflammation, tissue damage and resolution.

Young people drink significantly less frequently than older people (A), but drink significantly more on each drinking day (panel B). Young people drink.

Colonoscopy completion rates by individual endoscopist: unadjusted and adjusted so that the denominator includes flexible sigmoidoscopy procedures requested.

Percentage change in mean subscale score for nausea/vomiting (A), postprandial fullness/early satiety (B) and bloating (C) for all patients (n=23) and.

A, B, C, D show outcome results for individual symptoms using GSRS-IBS scoring system and mean symptom severity scores before and after IBS dietetic management.

The number of subjects by year (1) assessed in the iron deficiency anaemia clinic and (2) admitted (overnight or day-case) for blood transfusion to treat.

Area under the receiver operating curve showing 0

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the AIMS65 score and Glasgow–Blatchford score (GBS) as predictors of requirement for blood transfusion.

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the AIMS65 score and Glasgow–Blatchford score (GBS) as predictors of requirement for high dependency.

Flow diagram of sample selection and reduction of subject numbers by application of exclusion criteria. ‡Data from Medical Record; ‡‡Records missing gender.

Area under the receiver operating curve showing 0

Area under the receiver operating curve showing 0

Flowchart of patients selected for analysis, illustrating the number of patients at each stage of the study. Flowchart of patients selected for analysis,

Colonoscopy completion rates by individual endoscopist: unadjusted and adjusted so that the denominator includes flexible sigmoidoscopy procedures requested.

Respondent suggestions as to how best to protocol case selection for the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) multidisciplinary team (MDT)—application of an.

S chart demonstrating the reduction in average days spent on the waiting list for known patients awaiting admission to the intestinal failure unit. S chart.

Area under the receiver operating curve showing 0

Important psychosocial and developmental priorities interact and require assessment and monitoring in adolescents and young people (AYP) in transition.

Log faecal calprotectin concentration (mg/l) in the different diagnostic groups. Log faecal calprotectin concentration (mg/l) in the different diagnostic.

Annual percent change (APC) in age-specific colorectal cancer (CRC), colon cancer and rectal cancer incidence rates in Europe, 1990–2016. *Indicates that.

Individual data and mean of absolute gall bladder emptying (cm3) induced by modified sham feeding (MSF) in controls and patients with slow transit constipation.

Cox regression analysis of the proportion of patients remaining in remission during azathioprine treatment related to minimum observed white blood cell.

Cox regression analysis of the proportion of patients remaining in remission during azathioprine treatment related to diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.

Correlation between age-standardised colorectal cancer incidence (left panel) and mortality rates (right panel) and human development index (HDI) in both.

Time to cessation of rectal bleeding in patients with frank bleeding at baseline. Time to cessation of rectal bleeding in patients with frank bleeding.

Acute necrotic collection (ANC) in a 47-year-old woman with acute necrotising pancreatitis involving the pancreatic parenchyma alone. Acute necrotic collection.

General overview of innate and adaptive immune responses to and regulation of black yeasts. General overview of innate and adaptive immune responses to.

Relationship between organ failure and mortality in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Relationship between organ failure and mortality in acute-on-chronic.

Cumulative incidence of calcification (A) and diabetes (B) since birth in smokers and non-smokers in chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, and cumulative incidence.

(A) Fibrosis of the submucosa with replacement of the muscularis mucosae. (A) Fibrosis of the submucosa with replacement of the muscularis mucosae. The.

Cox regression analysis of the proportion of patients remaining in remission after stopping azathioprine treatment related to diagnosis of inflammatory.

Comparison of the area under the receiver operating curves (AUROCs) to predict 28-day (panel A) and 90-day (panel B) mortality of the chronic liver failure.

Proposed algorithm for the management of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) or decompensated cirrhosis. Proposed algorithm for the management.

A 47-year-old man with acute necrotising pancreatitis complicated by infected pancreatic necrosis. A 47-year-old man with acute necrotising pancreatitis.

Endoscopic view revealed blood in the lumen-apposing metal stent (A) with EUS revealing interlacing vessels at the distal flange (B), which was treated.

Determinants of moderate Cardiovascular Health Index Score (achieving three or more risk factor targets), stratified by region conventions as in figure.

Working hypothesis on the role of low grade inflammation in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome. Working hypothesis on the role of low grade inflammation.

(A) Trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in males (M) and females (F) by country (group 1: increasing or stable incidence and mortality).

Receiver operating curve for faecal calprotectin in detecting patients with colorectal neoplasia (carcinoma and adenoma). Receiver operating curve for.

Gall bladder volumes (mean (SEM)) in the fasting state, during, and after modified sham feeding (MSF) and in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) infusion.

A summary of the different stages of adolescents and young people (AYP) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) transition that highlights elements that.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-knockout (KO) mice were partially protect against rotenone-induced enteric glial inflammation and α-syn expression in the colon.

(A) Percentage of patients achieving remission or response at week 12 or 24 after initiating ova therapy. (A) Percentage of patients achieving remission.

Presentation transcript:

Inflammation caused by microbes. Inflammation caused by microbes. Top: Microbes (bacteria, viruses, fungi) induce inflammation via two classes of molecules: pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and virulence factors. Sensors of the innate immune system recognise the invading microbe via recognition of PAMPs, which are conserved molecular patterns (structural feature recognition). Sensors are known as pattern-recognition receptors. The second class of microbial inducers of inflammation includes a large number of virulence factors. Most of these factors are generally not recognised by dedicated receptors but can be sensed via the effects of their activity (functional feature recognition). For example, there are bacterial virulence factors which cause modifications and inactivation of host Rho GTPases and these alterations are sensed by the Pyrin inflammasome. Infection may be associated with tissue damage caused by the bacteria or by the immune response to bacteria. Tissue damage can induce inflammation which is committed to tissue repair (see text and reference32). Bottom: Proposed interventions. MELD, Model For End-Stage Liver Disease score. Ruben Hernaez et al. Gut 2017;66:541-553 Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Society of Gastroenterology. All rights reserved.