EXPLORATION (SS8H1b) –Evaluate the impact of European exploration and settlement on American Indians in Georgia. c. Evaluate the impact of Spanish Contact on American Indians, including the exploration of Hernando DeSoto and the establishment of Spanish Missions along the barrier islands.

The rulers of Spain soon realized that Columbus had discovered a New World. They began to send Spanish explorers, called conquistadors (conquerors), to take control of their newly discovered lands.

However, France and England began to explore as well!! Spain

Spain Why did Spain explore? To find a water route to Asia God- Spain wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity (Catholicism). Gold – riches to enhance their treasury Glory- acquire new lands to expand the Spanish empire Where did Spain settle? South and Central America Florida Georgia’s Barrier Islands When? 1500’s

Spanish Natives VS Guns Horses Armor Attack Dogs Trained Army Diseases Psychological Advantage VS Natives Bow and Arrows No horses, armor, or dogs Not trained for war Low immunity to outside illness Thought the Spanish were Gods.

Hernando De Soto 1540 Outcomes: Never found gold First European to explore Georgia. Outcomes: Never found gold Responsible for starving and killing a large number of Native Americans. Brought diseases like smallpox, measles, and influenza that killed many and ended the Mississippian culture Introduced pigs to the southeast Journals maintained by DeSoto’s men provided the first insight to the Mississippian’s chiefdom culture Desoto died near and was buried in the Mississippi River.

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Spanish Missions In 1565, the Spanish established their first permanent settlement in St. Augustine, on the Florida peninsula. From there, they began to set up missions on the Atlantic Coast in order to convert Natives to Catholicism.

Spanish Mission Period 1568 – 1684 Purpose and Outcome: Missions were established near Mississippian towns to convert the American Indians to Christianity and to encourage them to embrace Spanish political and economic systems. British influence lead to American Indians to raid the missions, and by the 1680’s the coastal missions were abandoned. A pirate raid in 1684 brought the mission period to an end.

Missions on Georgia’s barrier islands: Spanish missions were established throughout Georgia’s barrier islands: Inland Missions Some mission were built as far inland as the cities of Valdosta and Lumber City. Missions on Georgia’s barrier islands: -St. Catherine’s -Cumberland -Near the Okefenokee Swamp

Spanish Impact on Native Americans Native Americans were often forced to accept European religion. (or die) Thousands of Native Americans were enslaved and relocated to other Spanish colonies. Millions of Native Americans were killed by Spanish weapons and diseases like smallpox. Some tribes (ex., Careb & Arawok) became extinct. Desoto video Link

What do you remember about… Spanish exploration in Georgia??? The Spanish explorer who led an expedition into Georgia in 1540 was Because Spanish explorers were conquerors, they were called. Spain named their first permanent settlement __________ 4. In order to convert the Native Americans to Catholicism, Spain established. 5. Where in Georgia were the Spanish missions located? 6. The thing most responsible for the death of millions of Native Americans was. .

TWO Minute Summary You will be given 5 minutes to review your country. Create a cheat sheet with the following information that you are going to summarize for your group: Country of origin: Who are you exploring for? Why did you explore? When did you explore? What areas did you settle? Why? What did you name your new world? What setbacks/issues did you face? Final outcomes When time is called, you provide your group with a TWO minute summary of your nation. 1- Portugal 2- Spain 3- England 4- France